TEEB Training Session 4: Framing the Issue; Case study examples using the TEEB Approach ©TEEB

TEEB Training PUTTING THE TIERED APPROACH INTO PRACTICE Recognizing Value - IDENTIFY and ASSESS the full range of ecosystem services affected and the implications for different groups in society Demonstrating Value – estimate and demonstrate the value of ecosystem services, using appropriate methods. Capturing Value – capture the value of ecosystem services and seek solutions to overcome their undervaluation, using economically informed policy instruments

TEEB Training RECOGNIZING VALUE: The extensive lakes and floodplains along the Yangtze River in China form large water retention areas which attenuate floods during periods of heavy precipitation and provide a continued flow of water during dry periods Regulating extreme events Provisioning Fresh water Provisioning food The restoration of wetlands and lakes in the Yangtze River basin (China) ©TEEB

TEEB Training Restoration: In 2002 WWF commenced a program to reconnect lakes in Hubei Province to the Yangtze River Cessation of unsustainable aquaculture, better agricultural practices The restoration of wetlands and lakes in the Yangtze River basin (China) Adaptation outcomes: reducing vulnerability to flooding in the central Yangtze region, Pollution fell at Lake Hong from national pollution level IV (fit for agricultural use only) to II (drinkable) Livelihood outcomes: Income from wild fisheries increased by 15-25% after restoration. Access to cleaner water supplies is another benefit RECOGNIZING VALUE: ©UNEP/GRID-Arendal ©TEEB

TEEB Training DEMONSTRATING VALUE: Tourism more valuable than fisheries: how the Maldives decided to ban shark fishing ©Bank of natural capital, ©TEEB

TEEB Training DEMONSTRATING VALUE: Shark fishing for international market: Value of a single catch: US$ 32 Shark diving Value US$ 3,300/year per individual Tourism more valuable than fisheries: how the Maldives decided to ban shark fishing => <= ©UNEP/GRID-Arendal ©TEEB

TEEB Training Tourism more valuable than fisheries: how the Maldives decided to ban shark fishing investment in natural capital can create and safeguard jobs and underpin economic development sustainable management is an economic opportunity rather than a constraint on development. DEMONSTRATING VALUE: MAINSTREAMING THE ECONOMICS OF NATURE: Policy outcome: A blanket ban on shark fishing in 2010 ©UNEP/GRID-Arendal ©TEEB

TEEB Training Costa Ricas experiences with market for ecosystem services, focus on Programa de Pagos de Servicios Ambientales Despite the policy of protected areas creation, deforestation trends during the 20th century were alarming: Costa Rica experienced one of the highest rates of deforestation worldwide during the 1970s and 1980s Nearly 60% of forests are privately owned land, and are not included in the system of protected areas The deforested areas were converted into other land use, mainly agricultural use (crop production and pasture) CAPTURING VALUE: ©UNEP/GRID-Arendal ©TEEB

TEEB Training watershed protection scenic beauty carbon fixation/sequestration biodiversity conservation. The 1996 Costa Rican Forestry law recognizes four services provided by forests: ©TEEB

TEEB Training FONAFIFO Fondo Nacional de Financiamiento Forestal managing the funds and making the payments for ecosystem services Suppliers of ecosystem services WHO? Landowners, indigenous reserves WHAT FOR? Contracted for forest conservation and sustainable use HOW MUCH? All amounts paid are underpinned by economic valuation studies of ecosystem services Buyers of services Multilateral Funding: the World Bank and the GEF (Global Environment Facility) Costa Rican taxpayers Private companies (hydro-electric companies…) Costa Rica Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) scheme ©TEEB

TEEB Training Group Exercise 4 Identify major policy issues (e.g. food security, water shortages, erosion) in your country and in pairs, brainstorm which ecosystems and their services are connected to which policy issue – e.g. the ecosystems linked to land erosion could be forests. Using the examples already given from China, the Maldives and Costa Rica, think how the TEEB approach could help you address these policy issues. ©TEEB

TEEB Training Module 1 Summary Natural capital and poverty reduction: investment for synergies – livelihoods, food, water, fuel. Making Natures Values Visible: improved evidence base for improved governance, awareness for action – government (all levels), business, people Measuring better to manage better: from indicators to accounts, valuation & certification Changing the incentives: payments, taxes, charges, subsidy reform, markets Protected areas: biodiversity riches that can also offer value for money, recreation and cultural identity, tourism. Ecological infrastructure and benefits: climate change (mitigation/adaptation), air pollution & health et al Mainstream the economics of nature: across sectors, across policies, seek synergies across disciplines. ©TEEB

TEEB Training Little Things Matter Video ©TEEB. Little Things - Mofilm winner 1st prizeYoutube ©TEEB