Community Interactions

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Presentation transcript:

Community Interactions

Community Interactions Community: Many different species interacting in the same environment. Three types of interactions: Competition Predation Symbiosis

Competition Defined: competing for resources water, nutrients, light, food occurs due to a limited number of resources Intraspecific competition: When organisms of the same species compete for resources. Interspecific competition: When organisms of differing species compete for resources. Competitive exclusion principle: no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time

Predation Defined: when an organism captures and feeds on another organism. Predator- hunter Prey- hunted

Symbiosis Defined: any relationship where two species live closely together. Three types Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

Mutualism Defined: both species benefit from a relationship. Fungus obtains nutrients from the algae Fish receives protection and a home Anemone feeds on undigested food from the fish Algae lives amongst the fungal cells Bird receives food Crocodile has parasites removed Defined: both species benefit from a relationship. Ex: Lichens (fungus and Algae) Ex: Clown fish and anemones Ex: Cleaner birds and crocodiles

Commensalism Defined: One member of a symbiotic relationship benefits and the other is neither helped or harmed Ex: Cattle and Birds Birds eat insects stirred up by the cattle Ex: Barnacles and whales Barnacles grow on whale

Parasitism Defined: One creature benefits and one creature is harmed Endoparasitism: A parasite that inhabits the inside an organism. Ex: Tapeworm feeds within a human’s intestines absorbing his/her nutrients Ectoparasitism: A parasite that inhabits the outside of an organism. Ex: A leech feeds on the blood of an organism from a host’s skin.

Review What is a community? Name the 3 types if community interactions. When do organisms usually compete? How do predators and prey interact? Name the 3 types of symbiosis. How is predation and parasitism differ? How does mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism differ?