The Civilization of Kush Chapter 2 Section 4 The Civilization of Kush

Nubia Nubia is located south of Egypt on the Nile Savannas- grassy plains Settled in farming villages Excellent hunters Began forming armies

Kingdom of Kush

The Kingdom of Kerma The more powerful Nubian villages took over the weaker ones This became the Kingdom of Kerma Traded with Egypt

Trade with Egypt 3rd Cataract

The Kingdom of Kerma (con’t) Egyptians admired Nubian warriors Hired for armies Kerma became wealthy through trade Kings of Kerma were buried in tombs similar to the pyramids

The Kingdom of Kerma Thutmose III invaded Kerma Egypt controlled Kerma for 700 years The two cultures mixed Began to worship Egyptian Gods Work with copper and bronze

The Rise of Kush As Egypt declined the Nubians were able to break away Formed independent kingdom of Kush

The Rise of Kush (con’t) Ruled over the city of Napata Napata was on a good location on the Nile for trade Kush grew very wealthy

The Rise of Kush (con’t) The kings of Kush admired Egyptian culture Built white sandstone temples and monuments Also built small pyramids where kings were buried

The Rise of Kush King Kashta of Kush headed north to conquer Egypt His son Piye completed the conquest Piye began a dynasty that ruled Egypt and Kush from Napata

The Importance of Iron The Assyrians invaded Egypt and pushed the Kushites out of Egypt Iron weapons

The Importance of Iron Kushites dedicated themselves to iron making Superior farming tools Large amounts of grains and other crops

The Importance of Iron Kush warriors made spears and swords of iron Traded iron goods and enslaved people for textiles, cotton and other goods

A New Capital To get further away from Assyrian rule Kushite rulers moved the capital from Napata to Meroe Access to the Nile for trade and transportation Center for iron making

A New Capital (con’t) The Kush built the city to look like an Egyptian city Pyramids, temples, sculptures of rams, and palaces

Building a Profitable Trade Created huge trading network Remained in great power for 600 years Axum, great city-state in Ethiopia, took over the Kingdom of Kush

Section 3 Review The capital was moved from Memphis to what city? What did the conquered people of Nubia have to send to the Pharaoh? What was the Valley of the Kings Who was the Hyksos and how did they conquer Egypt?

Section 3 Review What pharaoh focused mainly on trade, adding to the riches of Egypt? Which Pharaoh concentrated on expanding the empire with aggressive wars of conquest? Who tried to change the religion of Egypt? What were the three periods of Egyptian history called?