1. Chapter 8
Africa

2. Take out a sheet of paper. Draw a straight line one the left side.
At the top of your paper write: Africa Timeline

3. As empires took land in the Middle East and the Americas…
Civilizations will also develop in Africa

4. Through conquest and trade Africans built great kingdoms

5. Egypt
Kush
Aksum
Ethiopia
Mali
Songhay
Ghana
Asanti
Kilwa
Zulu

6. Ancient African Kingdoms
Section 1
Ancient African Kingdoms

7. Kush Develops around 2000 B.C. South of Egypt Present day Sudan
Nomadic cattle herders on savanna (grassy plain)

9. Previously in Egypt….
1786 B.C. - Hyksos invaded Egypt (Middle Kingdom)
1539 B.C. - Ahmose I defeated Hyksos (New Kingdom)
Around 1500 B.C. – Thutmose III took control of Nubia

10. Egypt controls Kush Conquered Kush during New Kingdom
Controlled for 500 years
Egyptians influenced Kushites

11. Nubia under Egypt’s control..
Nubia was divided into two districts, Wawat and Kush, ruled by viceroy
1160 B.C. - Egypt’s power declined (again) viceroys ruled as independent kings

12. These kings (with Nubian soldiers) began conquering Egypt
Napata became capital

14. Napata
900 B.C – 591 B.C

15. Egypt’s influence on Kush
Amon-Re
Copper & bronze
Hieroglyphics
pyramids

16. King Kashta 750 B.C, Set out to conquer Egypt
Son – Piankhi – conquered Egypt
Kush ruled Egypt for about 70 years

17. 600 B.C.’s: Assyrians invaded Egypt and pushed Kushites back

18. Kush & Assyria Kushites learned smelting from Assyrians
Iron farming tools to increase production
Iron knives and spears to trade

19. becoming a trading country
Products led to Kush
becoming a trading country

21. Meroe Became Kushite capital in 540 B.C.
Located on Nile – trade and transportation
Built temple to worship Amon-Re

22. Kushites began to lose power…
A.D. 350 – Askumite armies burned Meroe to the ground!

23. Aksum Present day Ethiopia Trading country
Middlemen for Mediterranean countries and Far East

24. Emperor Ezana Destroyed Meroe in A.D. 350
Converted to Christianity in A.D. 324

25. Aksum Achievements Writing system Terraces – raised levels of land
Minted gold coins
Stone monuments 60 ft. tall

26. Decline of Aksum Other kingdoms began to interfere with trade
Arab armies pushed Aksumites toward the interior (inland areas)
Lived more than 1,000 years