1. Stepping Back in Time With ANCIENT KUSH

2. Where is Kush Located? Kush was a kingdom in Nubia Nubia—African region south of Egypt Divided into two areas- upper area( upstream) and lower area(downstream) ADVANTAGE OVER EGYPT: -southern Nubiaʼs moist climate didnʼt limit farming to only Nile Valley

3. Egypt and Kush as Neighbors: Kush supplied: 1. Slaves 2. Materials: gold ebony (wood) ivory

4. Egypt's conquest of Kush: 1. Kush grew wealthy from trade 2. Kush army grew strong 3. Egyptian rulers feared Kush would over power Egypt and sent in armies to gain complete control of Kush 4. They conquered all of Nubia north of the 5 th cataract 5. Destroyed Kush capital Kerma

5. Effects of Egypt’s conquest 1.Egypt ruled for 450 years 2. Egypt influenced Kush: Clothing Language Religious practice Architecture Government

6. Kush's conquest of Egypt During the new kingdom, Egypt declined giving Kush a chance to regain power Egypt Kush Leaders ruled from Napata Ruled for 40 years

7. The End of Kush Rule Over Egypt About 670 BC: Assyrians from Mesopotamia took over Egypt

8. Kush becomes prosperous After they lost control of Egypt, the people of Kush devoted themselves to: agriculture & trade

9. Meroë- Kush's Iron Industry The trading capital was centered in Kush during this period was at Meroe (MER-oh-wee), the kingdom’s new capital.

10. -Located on the east bank of the nile -Access to gold, ebony, wood -Most importantly, the area around Meroë was full of rich iron ore deposits. -People of Kush developed Africa’s first iron industry -Became the center of a large trade network Meroë:

11. Kush culture As Kush trade grew, merchants came into contact with people from other cultures. Main influence was Egypt: -Many temples, resembled those in Egypt. -Many people in Kush worshipped Egyptian gods and wore Egyptian clothing -Kush rulers used the title pharaoh and were buried in pyramids. In addition to Egyptian gods, people of Kush worshipped their own gods and developed their own written language, Meroitic (still not understood by historians)

12. The Decline of Kush Weakened economy Kush produced fewer weapons and trade goods New trade routes were developed that avoided Kush

13. 1) How did the Nile River affect the Egyptian AND Kush civilizations? Provide specific examples.

14. 2) Why was Meroe an important city for the Kushites?

15. 3) In what ways did the Egyptians influence the civilization of Kush?

16. 4) What were some similarities between the Egyptians and the Kushites?