SECTORS OF INDUSTRY Brooks & Goben & Reed

2 Industry is the sector of the economy concerned with the production of goods and services.

3 Industry has 4 sectors... PrimarySecondary Tertiary Quaternary

4 The primary sector of industry is also called extraction. It generally involves changing natural resources into primary products. Most products from this sector are considered raw materials for other industries. Major businesses in this sector include agriculture, fishing, forestry and all mining and quarrying industries Primary industry is a larger sector in developing countries; for instance, animal husbandry is more common in Africa than in Japan.

5 The secondary sector (manufacturing) produces finished, usable products. This sector of industry generally takes the output of the primary sector and manufactures finished goods or where they are suitable for use by other businesses, for export, or sale to domestic consumers. * Aerospace manufacturing * Automobile manufacturing * Brewing industry * Chemical industry * Clothing industry * Electronics * Engineering * Energy industries * Metalworking * Steel production * Software engineering * Telecommunications Industry * Tobacco industry This sector is often divided into light industry and heavy industry.

6 The tertiary sector of industry is also known as the service sector or the service industry. It involves the provision of services to businesses as well as final consumers. Services may involve the transport, distribution and sale of goods from producer to a consumer, or may involve the provision of a service, such as in pest control or entertainment. News media Leisure industry/hotels Consulting Healthcare/hospitals Waste disposal Estate agents Business services Restaurants Local government services Central government services Education Law and order Goods may be transformed in the process of providing a service, as happens in the restaurant industry or in equipment repair. However, the focus is on people interacting with people and serving the customer rather than transforming physical goods

7 Industrial research looks for new ways to cut costs, find new markets, produce new ideas, new production methods and methods of manufacture. The quaternary sector is the research industry.

8 The 4 Sectors of Industry are interrelated. An individual industry will often use more than one sector in order to produce products. On the next slide we will see an example of how the four sectors relate together in the production of cotton clothes, part of the fashion industry.

9 PRIMARY Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY...

10 PRIMARY SECONDARY Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm Cotton is processed to cloth, which is, in turn, sewn in to clothing. COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY...

11 PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm Cotton is processed to cloth, which is, in turn, sewn in to clothing. Cotton clothes (eg jeans, shirts etc) are sold in high street shops. COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY...

12 PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY QUATERNARY: Research is carried out in to new ways of processing or growing cotton. e.g. organic cotton. Cotton is grown and picked on a cotton farm Cotton is processed to cloth, which is, in turn, sewn in to clothing. Cotton clothes (eg jeans, shirts etc) are sold in high street shops. COTTON IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY...

13 The entire fashion industry involves a great number of different products and services, all of which can be classified according to industrial sector... Models and fashion shows: tertiary.

14 The entire fashion industry involves a great number of different products and services, all of which can be classified according to industrial sector... Models and fashion shows: tertiary. Leather manufacture in a tannery: secondary

15 The entire fashion industry involves a great number of different products and services, all of which can be classified according to industrial sector... Models and fashion shows: tertiary. Leather manufacture in a tannery: secondary A shoe factory in hanoi: secondary

16 The entire fashion industry involves a great number of different products and services, all of which can be classified according to industrial sector... Models and fashion shows: tertiary. Leather manufacture in a tannery: secondary A shoe factory in hanoi: secondary Sheep farming and sheering for wool production: primary

17 The entire fashion industry involves a great number of different products and services, all of which can be classified according to industrial sector... Models and fashion shows: tertiary. Leather manufacture in a tannery: secondary A shoe factory in hanoi: secondary Sheep farming and sheering for wool production: primary Cosmetics research: quaternary

18 So which are these do you think?

Boundaries

Boundaries and Divisions How do people decide where two adjacent cities, states or countries are divided? Natural Boundaries Geometric Boundaries

Cultural Boundaries

Urbanization Lots of people moving to the city. What are they looking for? What is the result in the population? What are some problems that can arise? 22

What is the most spoken language in the world? Mandarin Chinese

Diagrammatic representations Different ways!

25 What is happening in a country now? One of the common ways to show this is by a pie chart. We only graph the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors because quaternary are insignificant in many countries. Do you see any patterns? Dont worry if you dont we will look at this again next week in more detail

26 Besides pie charts … Employment is can demonstrated on triangular graphs Primary: E is between 50% & 60%. What? Secondary: C is between 20% & 30%. What? Tertiary: D is between 30% & 40%. What?

27 Besides pie charts … X 15% primary 60% secondary So what % tertiary? Hint: adds to 100%

28 Besides pie charts … G ?% primary ?% secondary And ? % tertiary

29 Besides pie charts … B 5% primary ?% secondary? And ? % tertiary

30 Besides pie charts … C? C? ? % primary ? % secondary ? % tertiary? E? E? ? % primary ? % secondary ? % tertiary?