Life in the West Chapter 16

The Explorers 3 Reasons for the Lewis and Clark Expedition:    Make friendly contacts with the N.A    Find the “Northwest Passage”    See what the U.S had bought

Up the Missouri River Hard to travel Up stream rowing and mosquitoes     45 member expedition team     Lewis, Clark, Soldiers, Frontiersman, Clark’s Slave, French Fur Trader and his wife (Sacagawea)

To the Pacific and Back Sacagawea found her tribe and they gave the explorers horses The Nez Perc’e Indians gave them food when traveling through the Rocky Mnts Clark carved in a tree to say he made it

Explorer’s Legacy Journey took 2 years and 4 months Traveled 8,000 miles Did not find the Northwest Passage (did not exist)

Californio Missions Missionaries went to CA from Mexico to convert Native Americans Settlers followed them Newcomers brought diseases and killed North Americans Mexico won its independence and CA became part of Mexico Settlers were given a rancho Land given to raise cattle and grow crops

Life on Ranchos Hard work and produced everything they needed to survive Lived in Adobe Houses (Dirt Floors) Industry was Cattle Farming Mexico neglected California

Californio’s Legacy When America took California, Californio’s became a minority They gave U.S many things (Names, Food, and opened itself to the World)

Questions What were the 3 reasons that the U.S sent explorers to the Oregon Coast? Who were the two individuals who led the voyage? Why was the trip so hard for all of the explorers? Who was the Native American guide who helped by communicating with her old tribe? Who helped out the Explorers as they went through the Rocky Mountains? Why did they not find the “Northwest Passage”? Who did the settlers follow into California? What is a rancho? What is the difference between an Adobe house and a normal house in the Unites States? What did the Californios’ give to the U.S?

Trapper’s Life Hard and Dangerous Attacked by thieves, bears, wolves Fall of a mountain or drown in a river Most died when they were young

Freedom and Adventure They trapped for the freedom and adventure Jim Beckworth - trapper that was captured by the Crow and then became their chief Also found the Beckworth Pass

Mountain Man’s Legacy Their trading post and trails helped Americans move west

Missionaries The Nez Perce’ wanted to know about the Bible so missionaries went

Difficult Start Two sets of Missionaries went One converted 3 Native Americans (Chief Joseph) The others converted none ( N.A. wanted to know about weapons and tools)

Pioneer’s Paradise Marcus brought white settlers to the area Measles spread killing many     Native Americans were mad at the whites so they killed them

Missionaries Legacy Their legacy was not spreading God it was spreading settlers

Questions What are the 5 things that made a life of a mountain man very dangerous? What were the 2 reasons that mountain men trapped? Who was Jim Beckworth and what was important about his life? What did the Nez Perce’ want that the missionaries went to give them? In a paragraph (5 or more sentences) tell me in your opinion if it was worth the trouble for the missionaries to go and talk to the Nez Perce’. What or Who came along with the white settlers that killed Native Americans? What did the Native Americans do to the white settlers because they were being killed? What was the TRUE legacy of the missionaries?

Pioneer Women On the Trail They did the same things they did at home (cooked, washed clothes, took care of the children) Traveled 2,000 miles in approx 5 months Trail Hazards Lots of deaths Disease and accidents most common (Not N.A.)

Pioneer Women Legacies The journey made normal women gain superhero qualities Built churches, schools and hospitals Could vote

Mormons The Persecuted Group Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Founded by: Joseph Smith Believed got a special book from an Angel Believed in having more than one wife (polygamy) Persecuted for their beliefs Smith killed and Brigham Young took over

Mormon’s Cont… West to Utah Moved to Salt Lake City, Utah Made dams, canals and irrigation ditches to bring water there Legacy 1st Americans to settle the Great Basin Their faith spread to over 7 million followers

Forty-Niners James Marshall found gold in American Rvr in CA Sparked gold rush The World Rushes In Forty-Niners (Joined the gold rush in CA)  2/3 were Americans and the rest came from South America, Europe, Australia, Mexico and China Most were men and young (not married)

Forty-Niner’s Cont… Life in the Mining Camps Rough camps full of murder, fighting, drinking and gambling Food was expensive Many wanted to go home, but could not afford it The Forty-Niners’ Legacy Brought disease and killed many Native Americans Had enough to start a new state; California

The Chinese When gold rush started 1 out of 10 were Chinese An Uncertain Welcome At first they were welcomed When gold became scarce, they were hated Immigrants had to pay money to mine and many left

Chinese Cont… The Chinese Stay They paid the taxes and stayed Many killed, beaten up and had their queues cut off so left Opened laundry shops, restaurants and farmed Turned CA into a farm area The Legacy of the Chinese Immigrants Hard workers and helped economy grow Brought with them their arts, taste, scents and sounds of their culture

Questions What legacies were left by Pioneer women? What legacies were left by Mormons? Who were the Forty-Niner's? What legacies were left by the Forty-Niner's? What legacies were left by Chinese Immigrants?