Light activates TOR-dependent RPS6 phosphorylation to enhance translation and cotyledon opening. Light activates TOR-dependent RPS6 phosphorylation to.

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Light activates TOR-dependent RPS6 phosphorylation to enhance translation and cotyledon opening. Light activates TOR-dependent RPS6 phosphorylation to enhance translation and cotyledon opening. (A) Four-day-old XVE:TOR-RNAi seedlings (dark, D) were grown with (+) or without (−) 20 μM estradiol in L12h. Total protein from each treatment was extracted and subjected to SDS/PAGE and Phostag-PAGE analyses. (B) Four-day-old etiolated seedlings of the inducible XVE:TOR-RNAi line grown with (tor-es) or without (TOR) estradiol were treated with 15 μE white light to observe cotyledon opening for 7 d. Cotyledon opening angles are shown as mean ± SE *P < 0.001 vs. wild type (TOR) (n = 13–20). Representative image showed cotyledons from 7-d-old seedlings. (Scale bar: 1 mm.) (C) De novo protein synthesis was determined for TOR or tor seedlings. Four-day-old etiolated seedlings were collected in the dark (D) or treated with 11-h white light (L). Bars with the different letters represent significant difference (Tukey’s HSD P < 0.05). Guan-Hong Chen et al. PNAS doi:10.1073/pnas.1809526115 ©2018 by National Academy of Sciences