Kingdoms and Domains Chapter 18-3
Kingdoms and Domains There are 7 taxon, but the only ones that we are going to learn more about right now are kingdoms and domains However, you do have to know the phylum, Chordata, which includes birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and fish (there are 35 phyla for animals)
Domains and Kingdoms Domains Kingdoms Bacteria (Prokaryotes) Archaea (Prokaryotes) Eukarya (Eukaryotes) Kingdoms Eubacteria (Bacteria) Archaebacteria (Archaea) Protista (Eukarya) Fungi (Eukarya) Plantae (Eukarya) Animalia (Eukarya)
Eubacteria Prokaryotes Ecologically diverse – what we know as bacteria Cell walls are made of peptidoglycan Unicellular Autotroph – makes its own food (photosynthesis) Heterotroph – has to consume food EX: Streptococcus and E. coli Tell students that we are NOT AUTOTROPHS
Archaebacteria Prokaryotes Lives in harsh/extreme conditions such as hot springs and volcanoes Cell walls are not made of peptidoglycan (cell membrane contains unusual lipids that are not found in other organisms) Unicellular Autotroph and Heterotroph EX: Methanogens and Halophiles
Protista Eukaryotes EX: Amoeba (unicellular) Cell walls are made of cellulose Most are unicellular but some multicellular Autotroph and Heterotroph EX: Amoeba (unicellular) EX: Pond water organisms – Paramecium, slim molds, algae, and giant kelp (multicellular)
Fungi Eukaryotes EX: Mushrooms (multicellular) and Yeast (unicellular) Cell walls are made of chitin (same thing that makes up the exoskeleton of bugs like roaches) Most are multicellular, some are unicellular Heterotroph (They do not go through photosynthesis, they are not plants) Some are saprobes – decomposers (get their food from decaying matter) such as mowed grass or a pile of poop Others are parasitic such as ringworm and athletes foot EX: Mushrooms (multicellular) and Yeast (unicellular) Mushrooms have mycelium which helps absorb food like roots, but they are not roots because they are not plants
Plantae Eukaryotes EX: Mosses, Ferns, and Flowering Plants Cell walls are made of cellulose Multicellular Autotroph (photosynthesis) EX: Mosses, Ferns, and Flowering Plants
Animalia Eukaryotes EX: Sponges, Worms, Insects, Fish, and Mammals No cell wall Multicellular Heterotroph EX: Sponges, Worms, Insects, Fish, and Mammals
Questions How many cells do Archaea have? 1 - Unicellular What makes Fungi different from Protista? (Think cell wall) Cell wall is made of chitin What sets animals apart from all other kingdoms? Animals do not have cell walls Which kingdom contains species that share similar characteristics with Plantae? Protista – some are multicellular, autotrophs, cell wall made of cellulose Which domain includes organisms from more than one kingdom? Eukarya
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? Can see organelles inside has to be eukaryotic can’t be bacteria
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? No organelles inside bacteria prokaryotic cell Streptococcus causes strep throat
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? E. Coli found in your intestines
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? Treponema pallida causes syphilis
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? Halobacteria live in harsh conditions
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? Thermoacidophiles live in hot springs
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? Lactobacillus found in yogurt
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to? Methanobacterium live in swamps and marshes and are anaerobic
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
What Kingdom does this belong to?
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Foldable Instructions To start: Fold paper hot dog style and cut 5 slits only through top sheet not both or it will fall apart (this will make 6 tabs total) Front of tab: Write name of each kingdom(1 per tab) Inside left : 1. List domain name (each tab) 2. List what type of cell it is 3. Write an example in words or as a picture Right Inside: 1. List what the cell wall is made of (each tab) 2. Is it unicellular, multicellular or both 3. Is it autotroph, heterotroph or both