A People Serving Profession Civil Engineering A People Serving Profession
UNIT I (10 Hrs.)
Introduction to Civil Engineering Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the construction and design of public and private sector works such as bridges, roads, dams and buildings. Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Civil Engineering is Everywhere Civil Engineering is a composite of many specific disciplines. Structural Waste Treatment Transportation Geotechnical Water Management Construction Management Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET Civil engineering focuses on the infrastructure of the world: Water works, Sewers, Dams, Power Plants, Transmission Towers/Lines, Railroads, Highways, Bridges, Tunnels, Irrigation Canals, River Navigation, Shipping Canals, Traffic Control, Mass Transit, Airport Runways, Terminals, Industrial Plant Buildings, Skyscrapers, etc. Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET In the beginning, Civil Engineering included all engineers that did not practice military engineering; said to have begun in 18th century France First “Civil Engineer” was an Englishman, John Smeaton in 1761. Civil engineers have saved more lives than all the doctors in history --- development of clean water and sanitation systems. Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET Civil Engineering is the oldest branch of engineering which is growing right from the stone-age civilization. American Society of Civil Engineering defines “civil engineering as the profession in which knowledge of the mathematical and physical sciences gained by study, experience and practice is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize economically the materials and forces of the nature for the progressive well-being of man.” Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
scOPE OF Civil Engineering A good planning of towns and extension areas in the cities is required. Fast rate of urbanization and increase in the cost of land has forced civil engineers to go for vertical growth in cities. Water is an important need for all living beings. Civil engineers have to exploit various water resources and ensure water supply to urban areas throughout the year. Another important amenity that public require is good roads. Design of appropriate base course thickness, finishing surfaces, cross drainage, design of horizontal and vertical curves are the duties of civil engineers. Other important infrastructural activities of civil engineering are controlling air pollution, noise pollution and land pollution. Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Scope of Civil Engineering A civil engineer has to conceive, plan, estimate, get approval, create and maintain all civil engineering infrastructure activities. Civil engineer has a very important role in the development of the following infrastructures: 1. Measure and map the earth’s surface. 2. Plan and develop extensions of towns and cities. 3. Build the suitable structures for the rural and urban areas for various utilities. 4. Build the tanks and dams to exploit water resources. 5. Build river navigation and flood control projects. 6. Build canals and distributories to take water to agricultural fields. Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Scope of Civil Engineering 7. Purify and supply water to needy areas like houses, schools, offices etc. 8. Provide and maintain communication systems like roads, railways, harbors and airports. 9. Devise systems for control and efficient flow of traffic. 10. Provide, build and maintain drainage and waste water disposal system. 11. Monitor land, water and air pollution, and take measures to control them. Fast growing industrialization has put heavy responsibilities on civil engineers to preserve and protect environment. Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET
Department of Civil Engineering, ACET