Freud is Dead

What happened next? Neo-Freudians Carl Jung Alfred Adler Karen Horney People who continued to develop psychoanalytic theory Carl Jung Alfred Adler Karen Horney Erick Erikson

Carl Jung

Dreams Carl Jung believed a dreams content uses symbolic language He proposed that a dream expresses collective unconscious memories and instincts shared by all people. These are basic ideas that are themselves symbols.

Dreams I was riding in a car. The car stooped near this other vehicle from which a person came out and shot the trunk. It was clear in my dream that this was a robbery. Later, I saw myself as a prisoner on the back of a car shoving coin from a box. After all this, I saw my body flying away and I was trying to land on a hill but there was a lot of them and many of them were marked at the pick. I was afraid to land because some of them had traps.

Group Activity Discuss a single dream – what do you think it means? Symbols

http://www.mydreamvisions.com/dreamdictionary/analyzer/

Sound familiar? Personality Analysis based on the Draw-a-Person-Test Analysis by: Patrick Markey Analysis of: Anonymous Personality Profile: 241-56-873-BC You enjoy change and variety in your life, but do not like to have things change too drastically. You are fairly ambitious but sometimes worry if you are making the right choices in your life. Sometimes you are insecure, but you don't think that other people realize this. You really value others' opinions and strive to obtain others' approval. You think a lot about your personal relationships because they are very important to you.

Alfred Adler

Life of Adler Born in Vienna in 1870 Third of seven children As a child very sick Work extremely hard, apparently in an effort to compensate for his initial weakness

Life of Adler Received his medical degree In 1901 meet Freud In 1910 became president of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society In 1911 resigned and started his own society Died in 1937

Individual Psychology Emphasizes the importance of considering the whole person Teleological Position Behavior is influenced by future goals Ultimate goal is Superiority

Do you feel inferior?

Inferiority What is it like to be a child? Organ inferiority What, as you child, you felt was your weakest attribute As an adult you will strive to overcome this e.g., an academic, a runner, etc.

Feelings of Inferiority

Two basic ways to deal with feelings of inferiority Striving for superiority to attain completion Feelings of Inferiority Striving for personal superiority

Striving for Personal Superiority Overcome by dominating and exploiting others Others are seen as obstacles Likely leads to neurotic behavior

Striving for Superiority to Attain Completion Overcome by moving toward self perfection and completion Always try to improve self Do this through social interests Cooperation with others that helps one attain own goals

The path is largely determined in the first five years of life Striving for superiority to attain completion Feelings of Inferiority Striving for personal superiority

Birth Order First born Middle child Last born Only child Each one has unique environments that they are exposed too

Group Activity Discuss your birth order and the birth order of siblings Can you come up with personality “types” that you think are related to these orders? What in the environment would cause these “types” to come about?

Birth Order First Born At the start was the center of attention. The “queen” of the house

Birth Order First Born “Dethroned monarch” Forced to share parental affection If parents have prepared child – will deal better with this change

Birth Order First Born Understands the importance of power Highly supportive of authorities Conservative and conforming Will attempt to regain “power” later in life (inferiority)

Birth Order Middle Children Views older child as a competitor

Birth Order Middle Children Views older child as a competitor If older child is supportive of younger attempts to excel, healthy development is more likely

Birth Order Middle Children Views older child as a competitor If older child is supportive of younger attempts to excel, healthy development is more likely If older is not supportive (mean), middle child might always set unrealistically high goals (ensuring failure)

Birth Order Last born “Baby” – tends to get most attention

Birth Order Last born If parents spoil child may be at risk for being excessively dependent on others for support and protection Wants to excel, but ultimately fails

Birth Order Only Children No siblings so is likely to be the center of attention

Birth Order Only Children If overly pampered may experience difficulty later in life when he/she learns that they are not universally admired.

Evidence First born Feel a loss of power; spend their lives attempting to regain this power through outstanding achievement Negative correlations between birth order and intellectual performance

Evidence First born children are overrepresented among College students Graduate students Women doctors University faculty World Leaders Members of the U.S. Congress United States presidents Not among unsuccessful presidential candidates

Evidence First born More likely to challenge “status quo” Feel a loss of power; spend their lives attempting to regain this power through outstanding achievement More likely to challenge “status quo” “Born to rebel” Students arrested for civil disobedience are more likely to be first borns

Evidence First born More likely to be Type A Feel a loss of power; spend their lives attempting to regain this power through outstanding achievement More likely to be Type A Excessive competitive drive Strong time urgency Always try to do more!

Evidence Youngest child More likely to be pampered; at risk for being dependent on others More likely to be alcoholics if they lack social support