Canadian Leaders Post War Period 1948-1970

A Pre-WWII Review Robert Borden, 1911- 1920 Conservative Significant for role in WWI William Lyon Mackenzie-King, 1921 - 1926, 1926 – 1930, Liberal associated with post war boom, roaring 20s out of power by the time of the stock market crash & depression R. B. Bennett, (1930-1935) Associated with Bennett Buggy and Bennett’s New Deal (a phrase taken from US president FDR’s New Deal William Lyon Mackenzie King (1935 – 1948) Associated with War Measures Act, Conscription Crisis & other wartime actions, initiated changes in post war legislation on immigration, unemployment benefits, family allowance

Prime Ministers of Canada Robert Borden William Lyon Mackenzie King Richard Bedford Bennett

Louis St. Laurent (1948-1957) Liberal associated with oil & mining industry prosperity, & US investment, in Canadian Economy Big projects include: St. Lawrence Seaway project, Trans-Canada highway Trans-Canada natural gas pipeline (see photocopied readings)

Louis St. Laurent (1948-1957) IV. Pushed Newfoundland & Labrador to join as Canada’s 10th province. Laurent encouraged Joey Smallwood (a journalist, trade unionist & farmer in Nfld) to organize a petition to have Nfld’s confederate with Canada as part of the referendum (when a law is voted by the people) March 3, 1949, Newfoundland becomes Canada’s 10th province. (see photocopied readings)

John Diefenbaker 1957-1963 Progressive Conservative Associated with NORAD, the termination of the Avro Arrow project Cuban Missile Crisis believed in a united country & the welfare state in terms of those elderly & disabled 1960, he introduced the Canadian Bill of Rights (see photocopied readings)

Lester B. Pearson (1963-1968) Liberal Suez Canal Crisis, Nobel Peace Prize his gov’t is also associated with improving Fr-Eng relations by creating a Royal Commission on Bilingualism & Biculturalism Canada Pension Plan and Medical Care

Lester B. Pearson (1963-1968) C. Flag Debate, 1965 cut symbolic ties w/ Britain he designed the cluster of 3 leaves on a white background with blue bars on either side. eventually the parliamentary committee recommended a single maple leaf with red bars maple leaf used because it grows in every province and were on every coat of arms Canadian Heritage Minute

Pierre Trudeau (1968-1979) Liberal Trudeau mania French-Canadian who was youthful, stylish, jet set type lifestyle… women loved him Implemented the Official Languages Act 1969 background: Royal Commission on Bilingualism & Biculturalism finds that Quebeckers were alienated from the rest of Canada because the French language was not considered equal to English throughout the country. it recommends gov’t services be in Fr & Eng as well as the employment in civil service jobs open to Fr & English employees, and the teaching of Fr. As a second language be improved 1969 Official Languages Act passed (see photocpied readings)

Pierre Trudeau (1968-1979) Income Tax cuts FIRA--Foreign Investment Review Agency designed to approve foreign takeovers of Canadian companies and to screen the creation of new companies by foreign owners See photocopied readings VII. NEP--National Energy Program was a response to the OPEC crisis froze the price of Alberta Oil also put a tariff on oil sold to the US to make up for the oil imported from OPEC countries

Reviewing Techniques Go back to your notes from the beginning of the year. Can you name all the major political figures of? You may opt to write out a time line of the major events of WWI-1970. Then on that timeline, draw segments which represent that particular Canadian PM. Bennett 1930-1935 Diefenbaker1957-1963 Cuban Missile Crisis 1930 Great Depression Bill of Rights The New Deal Avro Arrow Closure