The Entrepreneurial Detective, the de-skilling of the police officer Dr Robin Fletcher Middlesex University

New Public Management Police confrontation Home office Memo 114/83 Efficiency, effectiveness and economy Best Value/ Value for money Corruption Operation Countryman Sir Paul Condon Posen report Sheehy report Policing by Objectives Performance indicators National targets Directed policing Basket of 10 Butterfly Promotion Inexperienced detective managers Lateral development Skills transfers Interchange Blairite visions Quality of life issues Anti social behaviour

Hobbs – Doing the Business Entrepreneurial Criminals Opportunist Street knowledge Market research Entrepreneurial Detectives Thief Takers Maverick Apprenticeship

The Scientification of the Collator Crime Intelligence Contextualising the data Hot Spots Historical data Management tool Community Information Swamping the System Wheat from the Chaff Raising expectations Agency Information/ intelligence Compatible data sets Alternative Performance targets Criminal Intelligence Role of the detective Covert/overt infiltration Informant cultivation The Maverick

Intelligence Escalator First Level Intelligence Too large for neighbourhood teams Local Crime Squad Too large for this team send up Too small send back Central Crime Squad Too large for this team send up Too small send back National Crime Squad Too large for this team send up Too small send back

Policing Principles Is an organisational strategy that allows the police, its partners and the public to work closely together to solve the problems of crime and disorder, improve neighbourhood conditions and feelings of security. Is managed within mainstream policing activity, integrated with other policing services. Requires evidence based deployment of neighbourhood teams against identified need. Establishes dedicated identifiable, accessible and responsive neighbourhood policing teams which provide all citizens with a named point of access. Reflects local conditions and is flexible and adaptive. Allows the Police Service to work directly with local people to identify problems that are most important to them, thereby giving people direct influence over local policing priorities. Establishes a regime for engaging other agencies and the public in problem solving mechanisms. Uses the National Intelligence Model (NIM) as the basis for deployment. Requires an effective engagement, communication and feedback strategy, and a clear explanation of where accountability lies. Should be subject to rigorous performance management including clear performance monitoring against a local plan and commitments made to neighbourhoods. Signal Crimes

The Current Generation Task Led Policing No Discretionary Activity Anti-social behaviour/ minor crimes Street cautions Fixed penalty notices PCSOs Neutral witnesses Experienced investigators moving to squads Return of the retired investigator Civilianisation

Fordism The Policing Conveyor Belt Case Screening 13 point domestic violence matrix Intelligence directed Task driven Neighbourhood Policing Pluralism Compartmentalisation Station reception teams Loss of interviewing techniques Case Clerks File preparation Crown Prosecution Service The professional witness?

Kirk Reid Police branded utterly incompetent after allowing rapist Kirk Reid to roam free. One senior sources said: this is not a system failure. It is not even making a bad judgement call. It is complete and utter incompetence – no more, no less.

Justin Davies He was only brought to justice when the investigation was passed last January to an experienced detective from within the homicide and serious crime command. The technician and the mechanic.