The “Era of Good Feelings” (1815-1824)

The Northern States | The Southern States Push to invest in industry. 1st successful textile mill Lowell, Massachusetts became a booming manufacturing center. Thousands moved for work ** mostly young women whose families farm was in decline Cities like New York City, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Boston grow. Labor disputes from workers cause strikes and unions to form. 1804 slavery made illegal in Northern States… 1808 illegal to bring anymore slaves into U.S. $$$ from King Cotton…2/3 of U.S. export was cotton. Cities like New Orleans, Charleston, Atlanta and Richmond grow. Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin caused a ripple effect… 1790 = 700,000 slaves 1820 = 1,500,000 slaves Economic differences created political tension between North & South

Social Change (continued…) Population Growth = 2.7 million in 13 states at 1780… 12 million in 24 states at 1830. Expanding population led to crowding. Many had moved to the U.S. to avoid crowding. People started moving further west into the new lands that would be acquired. Mobility = The new lands gave people the chance to start over or improve their lives. People in Europe and other parts of the world did not get these opportunities. Still like this today.

Transportation In order for people to do business with one another they needed to travel and communicate First railroad was built 1825 National Road(freeway) was started in 1811 Erie Canal stretched 363 miles -linked Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes

The Election of 1816

A new president and an era of “good feelings” People were pleased with the way the country was developing 1816 James Monroe from VA was elected President Welcomed by all Antebellum America- “before the war”

NATIONALISM SHAPES POLICY Nationalism- belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries. Treaty with Britain to jointly occupy the Oregon Territory Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) secured Florida & southern- most areas of SE America

THE MONROE DOCTRINE In the early 19th Century, various European countries hinted at increased colonization In his 1823 address to Congress, Monroe made it clear to Europe: Don’t interfere with Western Hemisphere (Monroe Doctrine) Promise to stay out of European affairs if Europe's did not attempt to create new colonies Any attempt of a European country to take control of a country in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a threat towards the U.S.

The West & the NW: 1819-1824

The Election of 1820

The End of the “Era of Good Feelings” The Panic of 1819 The Tallmadge Amendment - 1819 Missouri Compromise of 1820 1824 John Quincy Adams becomes 6th President under controversy. “Corrupt Bargain”

The Panic of 1819 widespread foreclosures, bank failures, unemployment, and a slump in agriculture and manufacturing. It marked the end of the economic expansion

The Tallmadge Amendment All slaves born in Missouri after the territory became a state would be freed at the age of 25. Passed by the House, not in the Senate. The North controlled the House, and the South had enough power to block it in the Senate.

THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE In 1818 settlers in Missouri applied for statehood Northerners and Southerners disagreed on whether Missouri should be admitted as a “free” state Henry Clay organized a compromise in which Missouri was “slave” but Maine would be “free” Also Louisiana Territory split at 36 30’ north latitude HENRY CLAY: THE GREAT COMPROMISER

The Missouri Compromise of 1820: A Firebell in the Night!

The Election of 1824: The “Corrupt Bargain” Candidate Popular Vote Electoral Vote Andrew Jackson 43% 99 J.Q. Adams 31% 84 William Crawford 13% 41 Henry Clay 37