“The Great War” World War I

Review What were the underlying causes of World War I? (M.A.I.N.) What event sparked war to erupt? Which three countries made up the “Triple Alliance?” Which three countries made up the Triple Entente

Triple AllianceTriple Entente

The “Spark” The assassination of Austria-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand Heir to the throne Killed by a Serbian in Bosnia Austria-Hungary attacks Serbia

Domino Effect Austria-Hungary attacks Balkans Russia wants to protect the balkans Russia sends troops to Austrian and German borders “just incase” Germany declares war on Russia, then on Russia’s ally, France

The Schlieffen Plan

Why German entry into Belgium is so important for WWI Belgium is a nuetral country When Germany decided to enter Belgium, Great Britain enters the war Italy also doesn’t like German decision to enter neutral country, joins up with the Triple Entente. Start to form the “Allied Powers”

The Allied Powers B – Britain F – France A – America I – Italy BFAIR B – Britain F – France A – America I – Italy R – Russia

The Central Powers A-HOG A-H: Austria-Hungary O: Ottoman Empire G: Germany

A “two front” war Since Schlieffen plan didn’t work, Central Powers have to fight a “two front” war Fighting in the West (France) Fighting in the East (Russia)

Eastern and Western Fronts

The Western Front Fighting along the Western Front included a lot of trench warfare

The Western Front Fighting along the Western Front usually ended in stalemate Stalemate = No clear winner All resulted in large number of deaths for both the Allies and Central powers

Eastern and Western Fronts

The Eastern Front Fighting along the Eastern front had similar results Stalemates Large number of deaths on both sides Death total not a problem for Russia Main Problem was Russia’s lack of Industrialization

New ways to fight New technology Machine guns Armored tanks Planes Poison gas submarines

War Spreads beyond Europe Eventually Japan, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria enter the war. The war will spread to parts of Asia and Africa, making it a truly global conflict By 1917, The U.S. joined the Allies

Reasons for U.S. entry in WWI SLUTZ S – Sussex Pledge L – Lithuania sank by Germans U – U boats T – Ties to Great Britain Z – Zimmerman Note

U.S. entry Sussex Pledge: March 1916- French steamboat “Sussex” was torpedoed Two Americans were on board Germany issued pledge that stated they would warn ships before attacking

U.S. entry Lusitania- British passenger ship sunk on May 7, 1915 by German u-boats 1,200 passengers killed, including 128 Americans

U.S. entry U-Boats: January 1917-Germany ends pledge and announces they will resume unrestricted submarine warfare

U.S. entry Ties with Great Britain: US supports Great Britain Common ancestry and language as well as similar democratic and legal systems Pro-Allied bias news reports

U.S. entry Zimmerman note: March 1, 1917- British intercepted German telegram sent to German ambassador in Mexico Note was released to the press If Mexico attacks the US, Mexico will get Texas, New Mexico and Arizona

Propaganda