Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 1

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Florida Benchmarks SC.4.L.16.1 Identify processes of sexual reproduction in flowering plants, including pollination, fertilization (seed production), seed dispersal, and germination. SC.4.L.16.4 Compare and contrast the major stages in the life cycles of Florida plants and animals, such as those that undergo incomplete and complete metamorphosis, and flowering and nonflowering seed-bearing plants. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 2

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? How Does a Garden Grow? A living thing goes through a series of stages called a life cycle. It is important to understand plant life cycles because most of our food comes from plants. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 3

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? How Does a Garden Grow? A radish goes through three stages during its life cycle. First, a radish seed in the soil germinates, or sprouts. Next, the plant grows to maturity. Then, the mature plant makes more seeds. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 4

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? How Does a Garden Grow? Describe what happens at each stage in the radish’s life cycle. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 5

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Flowers and Cones Flowers and cones are reproductive structures that produce sex cells. Sex cells are used during sexual reproduction. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 6

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Flowers and Cones Male sex cells are called sperm, and female sex cells are called eggs. Fertilization is the process of a sperm and an egg cell joining together. A fertilized egg grows into a new plant inside a seed. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 7

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Flowers and Cones In plants with cones, sperm are made in male cones, and eggs are made in female cones. Most cone-bearing plants are trees, such as pines, spruces, and cycads. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Flowers and Cones In plants with flowers, sperm are contained in grains of pollen produced in parts called anthers. Eggs are produced in parts called a pistil. Most flowers have both anthers and a pistil. The male organ of a flowering plant is the stamen. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 9

Flowers and Cones Identify the parts of the flower. Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Flowers and Cones Identify the parts of the flower. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 10

The Power of Pollen Plants reproduce through pollination. Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? The Power of Pollen Plants reproduce through pollination. Pollination is the process of pollen moving from a male plant part to a female plant part. Plants can be pollinated by wind, flowing water, or pollinators, such as bees, birds, and butterflies. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 11

Seeds on the Move Seeds can move to new locations in several ways. Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? Seeds on the Move Seeds can move to new locations in several ways. Animals carry seeds in their bodies, on their bodies or fur, or intentionally. Wind and flowing water also move seeds. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 12

Unit 9 Lesson 1 How Do Plants Reproduce? In Need of Seeds Plants are used to make food, clothes, medicine, furniture, and much more. Without plants, people could not survive. Knowing plants’ life cycles helps farmers grow food and helps nursery workers grow plants. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 13