APK: The Principles Answer the questions about the image using the proper response techniques we have been working on. 1- What do you see? 2- What do you think this represents? 3- What can you predict will happen to the house? 4- In order for this house to be safe, what needs to happen? 5- What connection do you think this image has with government?

Principles Underlying the Constitution 2.01: Identify principles in the United States Constitution.

5 Principles The Framers embraced five principles as the backbone of the Constitution: popular sovereignty rule of law separation of powers checks and balances federalism

Popular Sovereignty Article IV guarantees a republic, in which supreme power belongs to the people (popular sovereignty). The people express their will through elected representatives. Provisions, such as those about the right to vote, ensure popular sovereignty.

How was popular sovereignty portrayed by... English citizens? Magna Carta Glorious Revolution Parliament made up of representatives that the people elected Growth of democratic government American colonists? Creation of colonial governments Town meetings Declaration of Independence Framers of the Constitution? “We the People…” Gov’t must always reflect the will of the people Will of people expressed through elections

Rule of Law Government is limited by the rule of law. This means that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern. No One Is Above The Law!

Separation of Powers To keep any one person or group from becoming too powerful, the Framers divided government into three branches with different functions. This split of authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches is called the separation of powers.

Baron de Montesquieu French philosopher Baron de Montesquieu believed that the best way to protect the liberty of the people was to clearly separate the legislative, executive and judicial functions and assign each to a separate governmental branch.

Checks and Balances Checks and balances keep any one branch from becoming too powerful. Each branch can check, or restrain, the power of the others. For example, the president can veto laws, Congress can block presidential appointments, and the Supreme Court can overturn laws it finds contrary to the Constitution.

State of North Carolina Federalism Under federalism, power is shared by the national government and the states. Americans must obey the laws of both. U.S. Government State of North Carolina Forsyth County Winston-Salem

Expressed and Reserved Powers Enumerated or expressed powers are powers the Constitution specifically grants to the national government. Powers not given to the national government are reserved powers kept by the states. National Government = Enumerated/Expressed Powers State Government = Reserved Powers

Concurrent Powers Powers that both levels of government can exercise are concurrent powers. Concurrent powers include the power to enforce the laws, establish courts, collect taxes, borrow money, and provide for the general welfare. Expressed Concurrent Reserved

The Supremacy Clause What happens if there is a conflict between Federal and State authority? When national and state laws conflict, the Constitution is the final authority. Neither the national nor state governments may act in violation of it.

Flexibility The Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause) Implied Powers Loose Constructionist “Living Document” Ability of the Constitution to be changed over time.

Class Quiz

Powers kept by state governments alone are called ___. Concurrent Powers State Powers Enumerated Powers Reserved Powers

Powers kept by state governments alone are called ___. Concurrent Powers State Powers Enumerated Powers Reserved Powers

Popular Sovereignty is the notion that power lies with ____. The Wealthy The King The People The Government

Popular Sovereignty is the notion that power lies with ____. The Wealthy The King The People The Government

Which principle of government makes the governed and those who govern equally accountable to the law? Popular Sovereignty The Rule of Law Separation of Powers Checks and Balances

Which principle of government makes the governed and those who govern equally accountable to the law? Popular Sovereignty The Rule of Law Separation of Powers Checks and Balances

Which of the following is an expressed power of the national government? To collect taxes To conduct elections To coin and print money To establish public school systems

Which of the following is an expressed power of the national government? To collect taxes To conduct elections To coin and print money To establish public school systems