Warm-Up – 11/5 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: Define Static stability. Define Dynamic stability. Stability in an aircraft affects what two aspects of an aircraft. Define Lateral stability. Describe the effect of wing dihedral.

Questions / Comments

Warm-Up – 11/5 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: Define Static stability. Define Dynamic stability. Stability in an aircraft affects what to aspects of an aircraft. Define Lateral stability. Describe the effect of wing dihedral.

Static Stability Static stability refers to the initial tendency, or direction of movement, back to equilibrium.

Warm-Up – 11/5 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: Define Static stability. Define Dynamic stability. Stability in an aircraft affects what to aspects of an aircraft. Define Lateral stability. Describe the effect of wing dihedral.

Dynamic Stability Dynamic stability refers to the aircraft response over time when disturbed from a given AOA, slip, or bank. This type of stability also has three subtypes:

Warm-Up – 11/5 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: Define Static stability. Define Dynamic stability. Stability in an aircraft affects what to aspects of an aircraft. Define Lateral stability. Describe the effect of wing dihedral.

Dynamic Stability Stability in an aircraft affects two areas significantly: Maneuverability Controllability

Warm-Up – 11/5 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: Define Static stability. Define Dynamic stability. Stability in an aircraft affects what to aspects of an aircraft. Define Lateral stability. Describe the effect of wing dihedral.

Lateral Stability (Rolling) Stability about the aircraft’s longitudinal axis is called lateral stability. This helps to stabilize the lateral or “rolling effect” when one wing gets lower than the wing on the opposite side of the aircraft.

Warm-Up – 11/5 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: Define Static stability. Define Dynamic stability. Stability in an aircraft affects what to aspects of an aircraft. Define Lateral stability. Describe the effect of wing dihedral.

Lateral Stability (Rolling) Dihedral The effect of dihedral is to produce a rolling tendency to return the aircraft to a laterally balanced flight condition when a sideslip occurs.

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THIS DAY IN AVIATION November 5 1908 — Wilbur Wright receives the Grand Gold Medal of the Aéro Club of France for advances in aviation.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION November 5 1911 — Calbraith Rodgers becomes the first person to cross the United States in an airplane.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION November 5 1912 — The first artillery adjustments were made from a plane in the United States.

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November 2013 3 4 5 Chapter 4 Forces of Flight 6 7 8 9 10 11 No School Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday   3 4 5 Chapter 4 Forces of Flight 6 7 8 9 10 11 No School 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Chapter 4 Quiz FltLine Friday Flight Simulator 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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Chapter 4 – Aerodynamics of Flight FAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

Today’s Mission Requirements Identify in writing the forces acting on an aircraft in flight. Describe how the forces of light work and how to control them with the use of power and flight controls essential to flight. Describe the aerodynamics of flight. Describe in writing how design, weight, load factors, and gravity affect an aircraft during flight maneuvers. EQ: Describe the importance of Aeronautical Knowledge for the student pilot learning to fly.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns Aircraft in a bank lift did not act directly opposite to the weight, rather it now acts in the direction of the bank. A basic truth about turns: when the aircraft banks, lift acts inward toward the center of the turn, as well as upward.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns One component, which acts vertically and opposite to the weight (gravity), is called the “vertical component of lift.”

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns The other force, which acts horizontally toward the center of the turn, is called the “horizontal component of lift,” or centripetal force.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns This explains why, in a correctly executed turn, the force that turns the aircraft is not supplied by the rudder. The rudder is used to correct any deviation between the straight track of the nose and tail of the aircraft.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns A good turn is one in which the nose and tail of the aircraft track along the same path.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns If no rudder is used in a turn, the nose of the aircraft yaws to the outside of the turn. The rudder is used to bring the nose back in line with the relative wind.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns An aircraft is not steered like a boat or an automobile. In order for an aircraft to turn, it must be banked. When an aircraft is banked, it turns, provided it is not slipping to the inside of the turn.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns Merely banking the aircraft into a turn produces no change in the total amount of lift developed.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns Since the lift during the bank is divided into vertical and horizontal components, the amount of lift opposing gravity and supporting the aircraft’s weight is reduced.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns Consequently, the aircraft loses altitude unless additional lift is created. This is done by increasing the AOA until the vertical component of lift is again equal to the weight.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns An important fact for pilots to remember when making constant altitude turns is that the vertical component of lift must be equal to the weight to maintain altitude.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns As the angle of bank is increased, the horizontal component of lift increases, thereby increasing the Rate One Turn (ROT).

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns To provide a vertical component of lift sufficient to hold altitude in a level turn, an increase in the AOA is required. Since the drag of the airfoil is directly proportional to its AOA, induced drag increases as the lift is increased.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns A small angle of bank results in a small reduction in airspeed while a large angle of bank results in a large reduction in airspeed.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Forces in Turns Additional thrust (power) must be applied to prevent a reduction in airspeed in level turns. The required amount of additional thrust is proportional to the angle of bank.

Questions / Comments

Lesson Closure - 3 – 2 - 1 2. List 2 things you have questions about today’s lesson. 3. List 3 things you learned today. 1. Create (1) quiz question with answer about today’s lesson.