The Periodic Table - Group or Family goes top to bottom (vertical)

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Presentation transcript:

The Periodic Table - Group or Family goes top to bottom (vertical) - Period goes left to right (horizontal)

The Periodic Table - Most periodic tables have a heavy stepped line running from boron to astatine. - Elements to the RIGHT of line are NONMETALS. Elements to the LEFT of line are METALS. (EXCEPT HYDROGEN!!!) - Elements to the immediate right and left of this line, except aluminum, are semimetals and have properties that are like both metals and nonmetals.

The Periodic Table Some groups/families are given names: Alkali Metals - Group 1 Ex. sodium and potassium NOTE!!! Hydrogen is not a metal!!! Alkaline Earth Metals - Group 2 Ex. magnesium and calcium

The Periodic Table Transition Metals - Groups 3 to 12 Ex. common metals, such as iron, copper, gold, mercury, silver, and zinc. Halogens – Group 17 Ex. Fluorine and Chlorine

The Periodic Table Noble Gases – Group 18 Ex. Helium and Neon NOTE!!! ALL THESE GROUPS HAVE SIMILAR CHEMICAL PROPERTIES!!!

The Periodic Table Alkali Metals Halogens Alkaline Earth Metals Noble Gases Transition Metals

The Periodic Table - Atomic weight increases from left to right and top to bottom due to the increase in the number of protons and neutrons

The Periodic Table - Atomic size/radius decreases from left to right due to the increase in protons in nucleus (positive charge) and the fact that electrons are pulled inward –Atomic size/radius increases from top to bottom due to more shells