The Scientific Method The Earth revolves around the Sun. Is this a fact?

The Scientific Method Friday the thirteenth is an unlucky day. Is this a fact?

The Scientific Method Every cell comes from another cell. Is this a fact?

The Scientific Method Our fate is written in the stars. Is this a fact?

The Scientific Method When an object is heated, it will expand. Is this a fact?

The Scientific Method Superstitions are beliefs, which are not usually explained using the methods of Natural Science.

The Scientific Method Superstitions cannot be verified as 100% true because they are only based on observation and hypothesis.

The Scientific Method Why is not reliable?

Because it has not been tested true!!!! The Scientific Method Because it has not been tested true!!!!

The Scientific Method In order to be classified as a fact, it must be observable and true at all times. It must undergo a process of investigation. This is the Scientific Method.

The Scientific Method EXAMPLE 1: People born under the sign of Leo are natural born leaders. Is it a fact? Prove it!

The Scientific Method SCIENTIFIC APROACH: My brother was born on August the second. Therefore my brother is Leo. My brother has got lots of strengths but he is not a natural leader. Therefore not all the Leo are natural leaders.

The Scientific Method It is not a fact! A fact must be observable and true at all times.

The Scientific Method EXAMPLE 2: Basque people speak Euskera. Is it a fact? Prove it!

The Scientific Method SCIENTIFIC APROACH: Iker was born in Vitoria. Therefore Iker is Basque. Iker knows only how to speak castellano. Therefore not all the Basque people speak Euskera.

The Scientific Method It is not a fact! Though many Basque people speak Euskera, not all do. A fact must be observable and true at all times.

The Scientific Method As a student, you can explore the world and solve everyday problems using the scientific method.

The Scientific Method The Scientific Method is a systematic way of investigating in order to solve problems.

The Scientific Method The Scientific Method involves 6 steps: 1. State the problem or ask questions (Observation) 2. Form a hypothesis 3. Test your hypothesis by experimentation 4. Record and analyze data 5. State a conclusion 6. Report your findings

The Scientific Method AH—Look at this! 1. State the problem or ask questions (Observation). You observe something using your senses. What you see makes you ask a question or state a problem. We will use this problem: Problem/Observation: Half of the class are sleeping during Science lesson. AH—Look at this!

The Scientific Method 2. Form a hypothesis A hypothesis is an educated guess or a simple statement that presents the possible solution to the problem. Hypothesis: You guess that may be most of them stayed up late last night by watching the football final between Real Madrid and Athlético de Madrid and using WhattsApp.

The Scientific Method 3. Test your hypothesis by experimentation An experiment is a set of specific observations. It is a test of your hypothesis. Experimentation: Upon going home, you open your WhattsApp group and see most of the class were still online by 2 in the morning chatting about the game.

The Scientific Method 4. Record and analyze data Some forms of analyzing data: Through a table Using a chart or a diagram. For you, the data are the times you can see in the whattsapp chat.

The Scientific Method 5. State your conclusion A conclusion is an answer to the problem. It must support the hypothesis. Conclusion: Half of the class are sleeping during Science lesson because they slept late at night to watch the football match and chatted endlessly with their whattsapp friends.

The Scientific Method 6. Report your findings Finally, it will be good to have someone else look at your findings to help you find any mistakes or unusual results. Remember that for a conclusion to be verified true, it must be repeatable at all times when performing the experiment.

The Scientific Method What if your conclusion doesn’t support your hypothesis? Make a new hypothesis and perform a new experiment until you arrive to the same conclusion.

The Strange Case of Beriberi The Scientific Method HOMEWORK The Strange Case of Beriberi In 1887 a strange nerve disease attacked the people in Dutch East Indies. The disease was beriberi. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite. Victims often died of heart failure. Scientists though the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood of patients with beriberi. The injected chickens became sick. However, so did a group of chickens that were not injected with bacteria. One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, noticed something. Before the experiment, all the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case and found that polished rice lacked thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health.

Copy and answer these questions on your notebooks: The Scientific Method Copy and answer these questions on your notebooks: State the problem. What is the hypothesis? How was the hypothesis tested? Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the experiment? What should be the new hypothesis and how would you test it?