Molecular Genetics Are we controlled by our DNA?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Control of Expression In Bacteria –Part 1

Advertisements

Definitions Gene – sequence of DNA that is expressed as a protein (exon) Genes are coded –DNA →RNA→Protein→Trait Transcription – rewritting DNA into RNA.

Regulation of Gene Expression

Ch 11 – Gene Expression The control of a gene at transcription, translation for even the polypeptide.

JEOPARDY #2 DNA and RNA Chapter 12 S2C06 Jeopardy Review

Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria Gene Regulation.

Control of Prokaryotic Gene Expression. Prokaryotic Regulation of Genes Regulating Biochemical Pathway for Tryptophan Synthesis. 1.Produce something that.

12-5 Gene Regulation.

AP Biology Chapter 18: Gene Regulation. Regulation of Gene Expression Important for cellular control and differentiation. Understanding “expression” is.

Regulation of Gene Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Operons. Big picture Prokaryotic control of genome expression Prokaryotic control of genome expression 2 levels of control 2 levels of control  Change.

OPERONS: BACTERIAL GENE CONTROL. OPERONS Bacterial cells A group of genes that work together Illustrate how genes expression (“on”) and repression (“off”)

Control of gene expression Unit but different cells have different functions and look and act differently! WHY? Different sets of genes are expressed.

Gene Expression and Regulation

Gene structure in prokaryotes * In prokaryotic cells such as bacteria, genes are usually found grouped together in operons. * The operon is a cluster of.

Regulation of Gene Expression. You Must Know The functions of the three parts of an operon. The role of repressor genes in operons. The impact of DNA.

Trp Operon A brief description. Introduction a repressible system In this system, though, unlike the lac operon, the gene for the repressor is not adjacent.

Ch 15 -.Gene Regulation  Prokaryote Regulation Operon * not found in eukaryotes Operon * not found in eukaryotes Regulator gene = codes for repressor.

Chapter 16 – Control of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes

Control of Gene Expression Year 13 Biology. Exceptions to the usual Protein Synthesis Some viruses contain RNA and no DNA. RNA is therefore replicated.

Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria Ch 18. Operon – consists of the operator, the promoter, and the genes Operator – “switch” controls transcription …repressor.

GENETICS UNIT FIVE DAY 1. OPENER If you did your Spring Break Genetics Review HW, take it out and raise your hand in the NEXT 30 SECONDS.

Section 2 CHAPTER 10. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN PROKARYOTES Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are able to regulate which genes are expressed and which.

Gene Expression. Remember, every cell in your body contains the exact same DNA… …so why does a muscle cell have different structure and function than.

Gene Regulation Packet #46 Chapter #19.

AP Biology April 12, 2012 BellRinger Quiz  Identify and describe the 3 main parts of an operon Objective  Explain prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene regulation.

Controlling Gene Expression. Control Mechanisms Determine when to make more proteins and when to stop making more Cell has mechanisms to control transcription.

GENE EXPRESSION and the LAC OPERON We have about genes inside our DNA that code for proteins. Clearly not all the proteins are needed at the same.

Welcome  In your journal write a paragraph explain what is a gene and what is gene expression?  Notes on Gene Expression Regulation  Quiz over.

KEY CONCEPT Gene expression is carefully regulated in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Chapter 11 – Gene Expression.

Chapter 13: Gene Regulation. The Big Picture… A cell contains more genes than it expresses at any given time – why? Why are cells in multicellular organisms.

Gene Expression & Regulation Chapter 8.6. KEY CONCEPT Gene expression is carefully regulated in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Gene Expression (Epigenetics) Chapter 19. What you need to know The functions of the three parts of an operon. The role of repressor genes in operons.

Warm Up Write down 5 times it would be beneficial for a gene to be ‘turned off’ and the protein not be expressed 1.

Gene Expression (Epigenetics)

Molecular Genetics: Part 2B Regulation of metabolic pathways:

OPERONS * Indicated slides borrowed from: Kim Foglia

Regulation of Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Control of Gene Expression

Prokaryote Gene Regulation

Control of Prokaryotic (Bacterial) Genes

Regulation of Gene Expression by Eukaryotes

Control of Gene Expression

Gene Regulation.

Regulation of Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Controlling Gene Expression

Daily Warm-Up Tuesday, Jan. 7th

Chapter 12.5 Gene Regulation.

Ch 18: Regulation of Gene Expression

The Operon Hypothesis The Operon Hypothesis was developed by 2 researchers: Jacob and Monod It explains how genes are regulated in prokaryotes. They received.

Agenda 3/16 Genes Expression Warm Up Prokaryotic Control Lecture

Gene Regulation Section 12–5

Regulation of Gene Expression

Review Warm-Up What is the Central Dogma?

Control of Prokaryotic (Bacterial) Genes Different from Eukaryotes!

Review Warm-Up What is the Central Dogma?

Review Warm-Up What is the Central Dogma?

Gene Expression Activation of a gene to transcribe DNA into RNA.

Gene Regulation certain genes are transcribed all the time – constitutive genes synthesis of some proteins is regulated and are produced only when needed.

Gene Regulation certain genes are transcribed all the time – constitutive genes synthesis of some proteins is regulated and are produced only when needed.

Chapter 18 Bacterial Regulation of Gene Expression

Review Warm-Up What is the Central Dogma?

Prokaryotic (Bacterial) Gene Regulation

Control of Prokaryotic (Bacterial) Genes

13.4 Gene regulation 5/16/19 TB page

DNA AND RNA 12-5 Gene Regulation.

Presentation transcript:

Molecular Genetics Are we controlled by our DNA? Refer to pg 119-150 in Holtzclaw, Ch 16-21 in Campbell

Last year... What do you remember of DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis? DNA > mRNA > protein genetic info message action molecule mRNA processing DNA Replication Transcription Translation

So What? Making the big connections... How many cells do you have? Compare the DNA in each of your cells Compare the protein products in each of your cells... How does your body KNOW when to make some proteins and not others? THIS is gene expression EVERY single one of your cells have the same genetic code... Must be able to turn some genes on and some genes off...

So What? Model Organism: The Fruit Fly 3 min video clip

So What? More flies! - Using Gene expression to study eye development 3 minute video clip

What do you think? Are you controlled by your DNA? What are the implications of studying Gene expression? 1) Free Write (3 min) 2) Learning Walk (5 min) 3) No Hands Discussion (5 min)

Review last year… Learning Intentions!

Gene Expression You must know: The functions of the three parts of an operon The role of repressor genes in operons The impact of DNA methylation and histone acetylation on gene expression The role of gene regulation in embryonic development and cancer.

Gene Expression Rather important, don’t you think?: The functions of the three parts of an operon The role of repressor genes in operons The impact of DNA methylation and histone acetylation on gene expression The role of gene regulation in embryonic development and cancer.

The Operon – p. 131 in Holtz. What is it? Unit of genetic function Found in bacteria/phages/some eukaryotes Consists of: Promotor – site of RNA polymerase binding Operator – controls access of RNA polymerase within the promotor Genes of the Operon –regulated together by the operon

Let’s Make the Connections! Regulatory Genes What do they do? Produce repressor proteins that bind to the operator of an operon to block RNA polymerase from transcribing Repressible Operon Usually “on,” can be inhibited... Inducible Operon Usually “off,” can be induced... Let’s Make the Connections!

The Try Operon – Repressible

The Lac Operon – Inducible

Let’s make sure we get this… Handout… Act Out!