Shelterwood and clearcut Evenage Management Shelterwood and clearcut

Shelterwood Regeneration cut Modify environment of regen Provide seed source

Gradient Few Trees Removed Many Trees Removed

Gradient Large Effect on Forest Floor Environment Small Effect on Forest Floor Environment

Gradient Group Selection Clearcut Single Tree Selection Shelterwood

Even-age regeneration Length of regeneration time varies by circumstance

Process Create available growing space for regen Removal of part of the overstory Remove remaining overstory before growth of regen is overly inhibited

Stages Prep cut(s) Final removal

Difference from Thinning Purpose is regeneration Main objective is not future growth of residual stand Can be secondary objective

Usually for natural regeneration Can be supplemented with planting Species More uniform stocking

Classic 3-cut Shelterwood

Money Upfront

Irregular shelterwood

Strip shelterwood

One cut shelterwood

Framework Age structure Species composition Disturbance regime

Yield Growth of regen Growth of remaining overstory

Possibility of carrying some trees into next rotation Not part of “shelterwood” per se A variation worth considering Turns a single cohort stand into a two cohort stand

Veg Management Difficult Major problem if competition is more shade tolerant than the desired species

Logging equipment Almost anything can be used Cable on steep slopes can be difficult

Cost Can be lowest cost Two or more harvests Increased growth of overstory Regen can be cheap

Aesthetically desirable Continuous green cover

Clearcuts

Framework Age structure Species composition Disturbance regime

How is clearcut unique? Regeneration method Regeneration all comes after harvest

Gradient Group Selection Clearcut Single Tree Selection Shelterwood

Timing Age structure Stage of development Stem exclusion Understory reinitiation

Regulated forest Volume regulation Area regulation

Adjacency Green-up Wildlife corridors

This is clearcutting gone wild. Progressive clearcutting was a normal practice up until the early 1990’s. Often due to windthrow or insect outbreaks in overmature forests. Can you see why people might object to this?

Species composition Shifting competitive advantage Multiple pathways Shade tolerance

Site preparation Ease of moving equipment Broadcast burning stumping Broadcast burning Green planting

Vegetation management Varying shade is not an issue Different life forms Stage of development

Operations Constraints Past and future operations

This is a clearcut with riparian reserves This is a clearcut with riparian reserves. If these openings were smaller they would be patch-cuts.

This is a clearcut

Skidtrail layout Permanent Temporary How to mark Can’t be based just on current timber Minimize total compaction Temporary

Cable settings Road location Green tree retention issues Course wood debris issues

Processing Landing Roadside Separate equipment? Limbing Bucking Loading

Costs Always considered the low cost Gap may be closing

Layout Road layout Green-up Wildlife considerations Construction costs Green-up Wildlife considerations Riparian considerations

Salvage Fire Beetle Snags

Aesthetics Biggest concern Topography Near / far “Other” activities

Slash disposal Broadcast burn Pile and burn Leave in place

Legacy Biodiversity Course woody debris