Warm Up 2/16 What type of war was the Korean War? Which side did the Soviets back? Which side did the US/UN back? How did the war begin? What American general was in charge of the war until he was fired? How did the war end?

McCarthyism and the Red Scare “Every step you take, every move you make I’ll be watching you.” --The Police “Don’t want a nation under the new mania / Now everybody do the propaganda / And sing along to the age of paranoia” --Green Day

Iron Curtain Berlin Wall Berlin Wall = division between East Germany (Soviet/communist) and West Germany (Western/democratic) that lasted until 1989 Iron Curtain = metaphorical division, Soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe

Nothing new 1st Red Scare after WWI Mass Hysteria Mitchell Palmer and Palmer Raids after WWI Mass Hysteria Terrorist attacks (on Wall St.) Deportations of suspected communists

Senator Joseph McCarthy Wants to rid America of communists Goes after those who are “soft on communism” Wheeling Speech—Americans must be on the lookout for “enemies within” as in people in our government and everyday lives

House Un-American Activities Commission (HUAC) Established 1938 Investigated suspected communists Suspected communists put on trial

-June 1949- Washington Post

Federal Employee Loyalty Program Government employees could not be members of the Communist Party or sympathizers. 39 States had loyalty programs as well. Teachers investigated Use of blacklists Program encouraged people to report on neighbors

Hollywood Ten -The “Ten” refused to name names to HUAC and were convicted of contempt. All served prison terms of up to one year. -Even W. Disney had to appear before HUAC.

Spies Alger Hiss US State Department official accused of being a Soviet spy Prosecuted by Richard Nixon He was never convicted of espionage but was convicted of perjury Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Part of network giving away technological secrets Both sentenced to electric chair.

McCarthy’s Downfall Went after Army members Hearings on TV showed McCarthy to be a jerk with little evidence Censured by Senate in 1954, career fades Dies in 1957

Warm Up 2/20 What is the Iron Curtain? Who was Joseph McCarthy? What committee investigated those accused of being communist? Name one infamous case of an individual accused of being a communist. Why was McCarthy discredited? What was one positive AND one negative effect the Cold War had on the Civil Rights Movement.

Consequences African Americans Cold War in general helps Civil Rights movement (world watching US, put pressure on government to enact a civil rights agenda Some leaders persecuted, perceived as Communist Persecution of homosexuals in government as well

Political chill in America In 1959, Truman called HUAC “the most Un-American thing in America.”