Warm Up What geographic feature are most missions built near? Why do you think many missions were built so close to each other? Why did Spanish officials send troops to destroy Fort St. Louis, and what did they find when they got there?

Changes in Spanish Texas

America, c. 1720

French and Indian War 1754: War begins between France and Britain over the Ohio River Valley 1762: Spain sides with France, because they fear the growing power of Britain. The British won. A treaty was signed, changing the map of America. Treaty of Paris (1763): required Spain and France to cede (give over) land to the British. France gave all of its land in Canada and East of the Mississippi R. Spain gave Florida. (Spain took Florida back in 1781) Spain received New Orleans and all French territory West of the Mississippi. In 1800, Spain agreed to return all of the Louisiana territory to France

Spain Inspects Texas With the changes to its empire, Spain decided to inspect Texas. Sent Marques de Rubi into Texas to report on the state of Missions. Noticed that most Texas missions were in a shambles; poverty and understaffed missions and presidios dotted Texas. Found best conditions in and around San Antonio Also noted attempts to befriend and convert Natives had failed. Many had turned hostile.

1768: Rubi returns to Mexico City and filed the Marques de Rubi Report. Set of recommendations on what to do about the mission situation in Texas.

Marques de Rubi Report 1. Spain should abandon all missions and presidios except those at La Bahia and San Antonio 2. San Antonio should then replace Los Adaes as the capital of Texas 3. The Spanish population in East Texas should be moved to San Antonio to strengthen the defenses of the settlement and missions there. 4. The Spanish should befriend the Comanche and use their help in fighting the Apache

Changes in Texas Policies The Rubi Report was put into action. Officials told settlers, who had been there for years, to immediately leave East Texas for San Antonio. They refused, but were forced out of the area. Once in San Antonio, they realized it was overcrowded and all the good land was taken. They went back east.

Led by Antonio Gil Ybaro, the east Texas residents began a settlement called Bucareli in Madison County. It failed. Then they moved farther east to Nacogdoches in the Piney woods. Nacagdoches settlement did very well.

Adams Onis Treaty New Spain and the United States were conflicted about the border between the two countries When the United States purchased Louisiana from France in 1803, Americans began moving to the Louisiana territory Some families settled in Spanish land in East Texas, setting off a boundary dispute between Spain and the United States The U.S. insisted the border was the Sabine River, Spain said the border was the Arroyo Hondo (Red River) Spain and United States both sent troops to the border in case war broke out, but neither side wanted to go to war In 1819, the two countries signed the Adams Onis Treaty

Adams Onis Treaty Adams Onis treaty Signed in 1819 Spain gave its colony of Florida to the United States and agreed to the Sabine River as the border between Texas and U.S. U.S. surrendered all claim of land in Texas to Spain