8.E.5A.2 Use the rock cycle model to describe the relationship between the processes and forces that create igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.

Rocks There are THREE large classifications of rocks: Igneous Metamorphic Sedimentary Each type of rock is formed differently and can CHANGE from one type to another over time The way rocks are formed determines how we classify them

Igneous Rocks Forms when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and hardens If cooling is SLOW beneath the surface— igneous rock is INTRUSIVE If cooling is RAPID above the surface— igneous rock is EXTRUSIVE

Basalt – Extrusive Igneous Rock

Obsidian – Extrusive Igneous Rock

Metamorphic rocks Forms when rocks are changed into different kinds of rocks by great HEAT and/or PRESSURE They are heated, squeezed, folded, or chemically changed by contact with hot fluids and/or tectonic forces When heat and pressure reach the rock’s melting point, it melts into magma

Gneiss – Metamorphic Rock

Marble – Metamorphic Rock

Slate – Metamorphic Rock

Sedimentary Rocks Forms from the COMPACTION and/or CEMENTATION of rock pieces, mineral grains, or shell fragments called sediments Sediments are formed through the processes of weathering and erosion of rocks exposed at Earth’s surface Sedimentary rocks can also form from the chemical depositing of materials that were once dissolved in water

Limestone – Sedimentary Rock

Shale – Sedimentary Rock

Rocks are used for building and construction based on their properties Heat and pressure results in metamorphic changes in minerals that, in turn, result in a rock being reclassified as a metamorphic rock As heat and pressure increase, one type of metamorphic rock will transform into another type When slow cooling magma is ejected before it has completely cools, the resulting igneous rock will have a mixture of macroscopic and microscopic mineral crystals (porphyritic texture: both intrusive and extrusive features)

Rock cycle The rock cycle is an ongoing process The rock cycle is an example of how Earth recycles itself Please draw the diagram on the next slide!

Create a foldable… Including the terms: IGNEOUS ROCKS, METAMORPHIC ROCKS, SEDIMENTARY ROCKS, & ROCK CYCLE Include the DEFINITION & EXAMPLES Include INTRUSIVE & EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS Yesterday’s foldable: WEATHERING, EROSION, DEPOSITION, & GEOLOGIC CYCLE Include the DEFINITION Include MECHANICAL WEATHERING & CHEMICAL WEATHERING Draw and/or explain what we did with the crayon for WEATHERING, EROSION, & DEPOSITION