Grammar and Vocabulary Development Welcome! Grammar and Vocabulary Development In this PowerPoint (PPt) we will: ♦ Quickly review some grammar basics ♦ Quickly review some of the key points in the first week’s grammar material (Wk. 7). ♦ Assign homework for next week.

Written Academic English Language Parts Quick Review Letter Word Phrase Clause Paragraph Essay Book Library

Quick Review The 8 English Parts of Speech Noun Verb Adjective Adverb Pronoun Conjunction Preposition Interjection

Each part of speech is used once in this sentence. Can you name them? I just returned from incredible Africa, and Wow! What part of speech do you think is used the most in oral English? How about in written, academic English? adjective interjection adjective

“Person” Quick Review Singular Subject (with to be) Object 1st I am/was 1st me 2nd You are/were 2nd you 3rd He, She, It is/was 3rd him, her, it Plural 1st We are/were 1st us 2nd You are/were 2nd you 3rd They are/were 3rd them

“Person” Quick Review (Present Simple) Subjective with -to go and -to study Singular Plural 1st I go We go 2nd You go You go 3rd He, She, It goes They go 1st I study We study 2nd You study You study 3rd He, She, It studies They study

What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.2 & bottom p.6) Overview from Murphy, 2nd Ed— Present Continuous Tense What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.2 & bottom p.6) 1. Something happening at the time of speaking Fen is washing her face. 2. Something happening in the period around now I am working in Shenyang this week. 3. Changes happening around now The world is becoming a smaller place. 4. For things that happen more often than the speaker considers normal (bottom p. 6) You’re always sleeping through your alarm in the morning.

What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.4) Overview from Murphy, 2nd Ed— Present Simple Tense What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.4) 1. Things that happen all the time or repeatedly I work Monday through Friday, but I relax on weekends. 2. Something that is true in general People need water to survive. 3. Forms of “do” for Qs and Negatives Do you like jazz music? Don’t eat too much candy. 4. How often we do things I play ping pong at least twice a week. 5. When we do things by saying something. I refuse to do any more homework tonight.

What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.10) Overview from Murphy, 2nd Ed— Past Simple Tense What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.10) 1. Most often, past simple verbs end in –ed. I worked hard today. She slipped on the ice and cried. 2. However, there are many irregular forms! (See Appendix 1) Jia swam across the lake. Dong sold me his bicycle. 3. Forms of “did” for Qs and Negatives Didn’t Mary go with you? No, she didn’t come. 4. Be careful when “do” is the main verb of the sentence. She didn’t do much dancing on Saturday night.

What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.12) Overview from Murphy, 2nd Ed— Past Continuous Tense What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.12) 1. Someone was already doing something at a certain time. We were eating dinner when the phone rang. 2. Use the past continuous to say someone was in the middle of doing something at a certain time... the past simple tense to describe one thing happening after another. We were eating dinner when my phone rang, so I put it on “Buzz” and we finished dinner in peace. 3. Some verbs (non-action or stative verbs) are not used in continuous tenses. Use the past simple for these verbs. Use: I had a lot of money until the stock market crashed. Not: I was having a lot of money until the stock market crashed.

Overview from Murphy, 2nd Ed— “Used to” What is the rule for each of these examples? (p.36) Something that happened regularly in the past but no longer happens I used to play badminton every single day. 2. Something that was true but is not true anymore Dalian used to be a very small city but is not anymore. 3. Use “Did” and “didn’t” for questions or negatives. A: Did she use to have a car? (not “used”) B: No, she didn’t use to have a car. (not didn’t “used”)

Week 6: Find the errors There are 15 tense errors in the text below Week 6: Find the errors There are 15 tense errors in the text below. Underline the errors and write a correct form above them. The form must be logically and grammatically correct. Yesterday, I swam in the lake when I was feeling something brush my leg under the water. I am so scared that I begin crying and screaming. My brother was seeing me and is deciding to jump in and help me. He was a lifeguard, but he still was knowing how to react to people in trouble. When he gets to where I am, he is reaching down and pulling up some seaweed. My brother always was there when I am needing him. I work to be more like him.

Week 6: Find the errors There are 15 tense errors in the text below Week 6: Find the errors There are 15 tense errors in the text below. Underline the errors and write a correct form below them. The form must be logically and grammatically correct. Yesterday, I swam in the lake when I was feeling something brush my leg under the water. I am so scared that I begin crying and screaming. My brother was seeing me and decides to jump in and help me. He was a lifeguard, but he still was knowing how to react to people in trouble. When he gets to where I floated, he is reaching down and pulling up some seaweed. My brother always was there when I am needing him. I work to be more like him. was swimming felt was began saw decided used to be knew/knows got was floating reached down pulled up is need am working

Week #7 Homework (for Wk. 8) ♦ Review the Units for the tenses we are studying this week and next. Try to understand the rules for each tense. Complete at least half of the textbook exercises as of each of the Units scheduled for this week (Units 1—6, U18). ♦ This weekend, you should take the Week 7 Quia quiz about the tenses studied. Complete on October 14 or 15 with a mark of at least 50% in order to get credit for HW for Wk. 7. ♦ Student teachers for Week 8– be prepared to present the Unit you are assigned to the class. (See examples in Quia website or that your teacher can provide.) ♦ In a Vocabulary Notebook, review the Vocabulary from Week 7 Units. Write the definition* of each word according to the context as used in the book. Note the POS it is. Write two original sentences using the word in its textbook context. ♦ Failure to do any of assigned homework will result in a reduction of one (1) pt. from your course grade. ♦ For the Week 8 class, we will review material from this week as well as study the perfect tenses. * For the sake of uniformity, please use definitions as found in dictionary.com