Chapter 13: Special Senses Professor Fowler Medical Terminology Chapter 13: Special Senses Professor Fowler

Common Word Parts for the Eye Aque/o: water Phac/o: lens Blephar/o: eyelid Phot/o: light Chrom/o: color Presby/o: old age/aging Conjunctiv/o: conjunctiva Retin/o: retina Corne/o: cornea Scler/o: sclera Dacry/o: tear -metrist: one who measures Dipl/o: double -opia: vision condition Glauc/o: grey -tropia: to turn Ir/i, irid/o: iris Kerat/o: cornea Lacrim/o: lacrimal apparatus Ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o, optic/o: eye Nyctal/o: night

Vocabulary and Common Abbreviations Nyctalopia: night blindedness Strabismus: weak eye muscles Photophobia: light sensitivity Astigmatism: improper shaped eye Presbyopia: vision changes due to aging LASIK: laser surgery to repair eyes Hyperopia: farsighted IOP: intraocular pressure Myopia: near sighted PERRLA: pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation Cataract: cloudy lens Hordeolum: sty REM: rapid eye movement

The Eye Ophthalmology: the study of the eye Purposes: vision

Specialists of the Eye Ophthalmologist: MD of the eye – can do surgery and prescribe meds Optometrist: doctor of the eye – can do vision tests and measure for glasses Optician: measures for glasses only

The Eye eye

The Eyeball Sclera (scler/o) Choroid Retina (retin/o) Cornea (kerat/o, corne/o): refracts light rays Choroid Iris (ir/o, irid/o): colored portion Pupil (pupill/o, core/o): hole Lens (phac/o): bends light Retina (retin/o) Rods: night vision Cones: color vision Aqueous humor (aque/o) Vitreous humor (vitre/o) - gel

Muscles of the Eye Four rectus muscles each eye Pull eye up and down and left and right Two oblique muscles each eye pull diagonal

The Eye Eyelids (blephar/o) Conjunctiva (conjunctiv/o) Eyelashes: cilia on eyelid Sebaceous: lubricates eye Conjunctiva (conjunctiv/o) Lacrimal apparatus Lacrimal gland: produce tears Lacrimal ducts (dacry/o): tear duct Nasolacrimal duct

Common Word Parts for the Ear Acous/o, Audi/o, Audit/o: hearing Myring/o, tympan/o: ear drum Aur/o, Auricul/o: ear Ot/o: ear Cerumin/o: cerumen Salping/o: tube Cochle/o: cochlea -cusis: hearing Labyrinth/o: inner ear -otia: hearing condition

Vocabulary and Common Abbreviations Decibel: measurement of sound Presbycusis: hearing changes due to aging Tinnitus: ringing of the ears Vertigo: dizziness Otitis Media: middle ear infection Meniere’s disease: combination of tinnitus and vertigo HEENT: head, eyes, ear, nose, throat OM: otitis media

The Ear Otology: study of ear Audiology: study of hearing Purposes: hearing and equillibrium

External Ear Auricle (auricul/o) - pinna cerumen (cermin/o) – ear wax External auditory canal: passageway for sound vibrations cerumen (cermin/o) – ear wax Tympanic membrane (myring/o, tympan/o) ear drum

Middle Ear Ossicles – tiny bones Oval window Eustachian tube- auditory tube (salping/o)

Inner Ear Labyrinth (labrinth/o): inner ear Cochlea (cochle/o): organ of hearing Organ of Corti: hair cells used for hearing Semicircular canal: organ of equillibrium

Hearing Conductive hearing loss: malformation Sensorineural hearing loss: damage of inner ear or cochlear