Enlightenment and Revolution Warm up: What do you think the age of Enlightenment was?

Objectives Students will explain the importance of the Scientific Revolution on modern science. Students will evaluate how Enlightenment philosophers’ contributed to many modern governments like the U.S.

The Scientific Revolution Scientific Revolution- several scholars published works that challenged the ideas of ancient thinkers and the church It was a new way of thinking about the natural world Aristotle came up with Geocentric theory

Scientific Method Francis Bacon Rene Descartes (day-cart) Only true way to gain scientific knowledge was through experimentation Rene Descartes (day-cart) Emphasis on reason; everything should be doubted until it can be proven by logic/math

Traditional Views Geocentric theory- earth-centered view of the universe (Aristotle)

The Scientific Revolution Heliocentric Theory-sun- centered view of the universe Copernicus published his ideas in 1543 Copernicus came up with heliocentric theory

The Scientific Revolution Galileo Galilei scientist who played a big role in the Scientific Revolution Created a telescope and discovered that Jupiter has four moons and the earth’s moon and the stars have a rough uneven surface Isaac Newton came up with the idea that linked motion in the galaxy with the motion on earth- gravity

Changing their ways… The Scientific Revolution convinced many European thinkers about the power of reason. Scientists used scientific method and reason to make discoveries about the physical world. Could reason be used to study human nature and society as well?

A new intellectual movement that stressed reason, thought, and the power of individuals to solve problems

The Age of Reason In the 1600s, a new generation of philosophers began to view reason as the best way to understand truth – Reason could be used to solve all human problems. People began to gather in public places to debate new ideas –inspired by the notion that problems could be solved by educated people Writers

The Age of Reason Enlightenment reached its peak in the 1700s Paris was the center of intellectual activity Many wealthy Parisian women began hosting social gatherings called salons to promote new ideas Brought together philosophers, artists, scientists, and writers

French Salon Simulation

Salon Simulation Group 1 – Naji, Lauren, Tatum, Chloe, Kiauna, Lexi Group 2 – Jehanne, Demeka, Karrah, Braden, Will, Chandler Group 3 – Kaylee, Brooke, Amber, Jonah, Aniya, Brantoris

Philosophers: Thomas Hobbes Believed that people are selfish and greedy People must enter into a social contract: giving up their freedom to a government that will ensure order Wrote Leviathan Government=sea monster

Philosophers: Voltaire Separation of church and state Church State

Philosophers: John Locke Believed in natural rights Rights that belonged to all humans from birth Life Liberty Property LOCK UP YOUR RIGHTS

Philosophers: Montesquieu Separation of powers Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches Legislative Executive Judicial Mont/es/quieu

Philosophers: Rousseau Argued that people are naturally good, but society corrupts them Rous-seau Rous-SOcial contract

Adam Smith

Philosophers: Mary Wollstonecraft Women’s rights advocate Urged women to enter the male-dominated fields of medicine and politics Women’s Rights!!!