Before we start: A quick check… Are you wearing your lanyards? Mobile phones away please

A refresher of the class rules Mobiles phones need to be put away. No texting in lesson Using phone in lesson will result in a stage 1 concern. A refresher of the class rules

Last lesson Key words: write a definition Post-familial Beanpole family Household 3 examples of family and household structure in modern Britain Last lesson Key words: write a definition

Now we need to summarise why those changes have taken place. Last lesson we looked at the changes that have occurred in the family from 1950s to present day. Now we need to summarise why those changes have taken place. Last Lesson

GCSE Sociology: Extended writing Family Why have families changed since the 1950s? What am I going to learn? To understand why family structures have changed since the 1950s Objectives of the lesson are: To examine the reasons for family change since the 1950s until present day To consider key terms, norms, values, technological change, gender attitudes and secularisation

4 key reasons to consider Why have families changed since the 1950s Changing values and norms Technological change Secularisation Gender attitudes 4 key reasons to consider

Why have families changed? Over the years people have developed different ideas about families No need to marry before living together Children outside of marriage Same sex couples having children together Men and women expect to be more equal 1) Changing values and norms Why have families changed?

2)Technological change Until the 1960s couples generally only used contraception if the man was willing The introduction of the pill changed this Women had the freedom to choose whether to have children Families became smaller Medical improvements have meant people living into extreme old age 2)Technological change

In the 1970s the feminist movement had caused a change in attitudes. Challenging traditional ideas about women staying at home and men were in charge of society More women began to work and become more financially independent Women could divorce if they were unhappy 3) Gender attitudes

Religion is less important in people’s lives than it once was What impact might secularisation have had on society? 4) Secularisation

4)Secularisation Religious ideas seen as less important Christianity teaches that marriage is sacred and that divorce is a bad thing Therefore, if people are less religious they are less likely to marry before having sex and also more likely to divorce 4)Secularisation

Changes in divorce and marriage rate Changes in family Changes in divorce and marriage rate

Check your understanding Task

Increase in divorce rate 1950 In 1950 there were approximately 20,000 divorces 2000 By 2000 over 150,000 couples ended their marriage Increase in divorce rate Divorce rate is highest in people age 40 and over

Why has this happened?

The simple answer to this question is that it has become much easier to get divorced.

There are 3 main areas attributed to the rise in divorce rates 1) Legal reasons 2) Social & cultural changes 3) Secularisation There are 3 main areas attributed to the rise in divorce rates

The law changed to make divorce easier in 1969 – Divorce Reform Act ‘No blame’ divorce Further changes have made it easier still since that time 1) Legal changes

Legal changes to divorce Prior to 1970s divorce was shameful It was expensive and difficult to obtain Legal changes to divorce

Do you think that the higher divorce rate of the modern era, means that people are less happy now? We cannot know for sure, as people in the past may have been unhappy, but had to stay together Many people stayed in ‘empty shell marriages’ High divorce rate

2) Social and cultural changes It is now seen as more acceptable, and sometimes as the best thing to do for the children. Divorce no longer means shame and social disapproval. 2) Social and cultural changes

Decline in religious belief has meant that divorce is not seen as something morally wrong. 3) Secularisation

Slow decline in divorce rate 2000 In 2000 150,000 couples ended their marriage – this was a failure rate of 33% Slow decline in divorce rate Although divorce rates have increased, it has actually been in decline since 2003

Why has this happened?

Reasons for decline and slowing down of divorce rate Changes to women’s lives (financially independent) Because fewer people are getting married Secularisation – marriage is less sacred Reasons for decline and slowing down of divorce rate

A change has occurred: Serial monogamy Marriage to more than one person but only one at a time

Question – research methods Suggest one reason why it would be unethical to ask people about their experience of divorce? Question – research methods

Exam practice and check your understanding task

Extended writing Explain reasons why divorce rates have changed over the years (10) and Discuss social reasons why there have been changes in divorce rates in Britain. (20 marks)

You will need to write about social reasons for divorce and explain them. For example, if you write about the law, say that it has changed and then explain what impact the change has had on divorce rates. Write about 200 words Extended writing

Reasons for family change - childhood https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0nOz1WFyJE Reasons for family change - childhood Childhood in the 1950s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUX_SkaxlOc Childhood now Toxic childhood -