Chapter 4 Laws of Motion.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 4 Laws of Motion

Forces What is a force? Push or a pull Contact or field Forces are vectors… Magnitude and direction Units Newtons, N, kg∙m/s2

Newton’s Laws Newton’s First Law Inertia mass A net, unbalanced force is needed to change an object’s velocity

Newton’s Laws Newton’s Second Law Acceleration Proportional to the amount of net, unbalanced force on the object Inversely proportional to the mass of the object netF = ma

Newton’s Laws Newton’s Second Law Acceleration Proportional to the amount of net, unbalanced force on the object Inversely proportional to the mass of the object netF = ma

Newton’s Laws Newton’s Third Law Action-reaction Forces in nature always exist as pairs An action force produces a reactive force that is equal in magnitude, but opposite in direction F = -F΄

Newton’s Laws https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6TA1s1oNpbk

Gravitational Force

Gravitational Force Newtonian and Einsteinian theories Newton: mutual attraction of objects with mass Einstein: objects with mass distort the space around them Proportional to mass Inversely proportional to the distance (centers of mass) squared

Gravitational Force

Gravitational Force Weight Gravitational force action on an object W = mg gEarth = -9.8 m/s2

Free body diagrams https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gDk2te4nrIo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nDis6HbXxjg

Friction Friction is… Is friction a good thing or a bad thing? A force that opposes motion Static kinetic Is friction a good thing or a bad thing? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0Uu2SOc5wI

Force of Friction Calculation There are two factors that influence the amount of friction Normal force Coefficient of friction (interaction between surfaces) The coefficient of friction is dimensionless, has no units

Force of Friction Calculation Force of friction = (coefficient of friction) x (normal force) f = µ Fn

Force Applied at an Angle

Inclined Planes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d3NA6BWPbak

Inclined Planes

Inclined Planes The force of weight needs to be resolved into x and y axis components that run parallel and perpendicular to the surface of the plane

Inclined Planes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bodVVtqmbZE

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