Ageing Workforce, Social Cohesion and Sustainable Development – Political Challenges within the Baltic Sea Region Baltic Sea Labour Forum ROUND TABLE Dr Ann Zimmermann Riga, 18. April 2018 Population Europe, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research

Project Ageing Workforce, Social Cohesion and Sustainable Development – Political Challenges within the Baltic Sea States Financed by CBSS Project Support Facility (PSF) from January – September 2018 Lead Partner: Population Europe / Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Co-Partners: Warsaw School of Economics, Lund University

Background Population Ageing is inevitable in most of the Baltic Sea States. For the next four decades, neither an increase in birth rates, nor increased immigration alone can substantially compensate for the effects of population ageing. Increase of labour force participation: Better usage of the potentials we have, especially older workers and women. Increase of productivity: Investment in human capital by improving and maintaining cognitive abilities throughout the life course. The economic burden of population ageing is not a demographic destiny, but depends on the productivity of tomorrow’s workforce and how we make use of it.

Aims of the project Identification of challenges and opportunities for policies fostering the labour force participation of older people. Knowledge exchange and policy dialogue to contribute to evidence-based decision-making and to support the development of sustainable policies.

Output Discussion Paper Stakeholder dialogue: Policy Brief High-level policy expert meeting Public panel debate Policy Brief Dissemination

Discussion Paper on patterns, preconditions and challenges of the employment of older people on policy approaches, best practices and social innovations aiming at increasing the employment level of older people contribution from researchers and policymakers from 11 countries EU level (PE), interregional perspective (CBSS)

Authors from Research Country Researcher Denmark Prof. Per H. Jensen, Aalborg University Estonia Dr Lauri Leppik, Estonian Institute for Population Studies, Tallinn University Finland Prof. Kathrin Komp, University of Helsinki Germany Dr Moritz Heß, TU Dortmund University / Laura Naegele, Universtiy of Vechta Iceland: Prof. Sigurveig H. Sigurðardóttir, University of Iceland Latvia: Prof. Atis Berzins, University of Latvia Lithuania: Prof. Boguslavas Gruzevskis, Vilnius University Norway: Prof. Per Erik Solem, NOVA, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University Poland: Dr hab. Agnieszka Chłoń-Domińczak, Warsaw School of Economics Russian Federation: Dr Sergei Vasin, National Research University Higher School of Economics Sweden: Prof. Tommy Bengtsson, Lund University / Haodong Qi, Lund University

Employment rates of age group 55-64 (%) and statutory retirement age in 2016 67 61-67 62-75 65 65 63 63 62 62-68 65/60 Source: Eurostat

Regulatory factors affecting the level of employment of older people: Retirement age Early retirement regulations Possibility to supplement pension income with earnings from work Level of pension benefits

Employment rates of workers age 55-64 in Germany 1970-2016 Source: OECD, http://stats.oecd.org/viewhtml.aspx?datasetcode=LFS_SEXAGE_I_R&lang=en

Challenges Employability of older workers (health, qualification, job satisfaction) Age discrimination Increasing social inequalities and new vulnerabilities

Policy recommendations Flexible and gradual retirement schemes Measures to promote good health Incentives and practical systems for life-long learning and adult education Adaptation of job conditions and workplaces to the needs of older persons Anti-age-discrimination policies

Thank you! zimmermann@demogr.mpg.de