WMO Workshop on Capacity Development - Requirements for GFCS - NMS Requirements for Observations and Communications to Support GFCS WMO 10 October 2011 Antonio Divino Moura INMET - Brazil INMET

CLIMATE SERVICES: From Monitoring -> Products + Prediction -> users Need good Network DATA with Quality; Adequate density; Communications; Continuous; Access; Data Bank; Open to research Need long series Historical DATA; Climatological Normals; (data base) Software, models (physical, stochastic) Monthly products; Climate Forum Need continuous ENGAGEMENT; Feedback; Regional and local support to user; Joint projects;

12/19/ WMO W I G O S

Tipical Conventional ( and automatic) Station : Porto Alegre

Conventional Stations installed: evolution 1909 a 2010 Década Região Amazônica Restante do Brasil

HISTORICAL CLIMATE DATA Memory of the Climate

HISTORICAL CLIMATE DATA Memory of Brazil´s Climate Livro M1 Catú – BA Photo 1925

Source: Biblioteca Nacional de Meteorologia INMET - Brasília Curityba Observations

ONDINA ( Bahia) station 1903 measurements

HISTORICAL CLIMATE DATA Memory of the Climate Why it is so important!

Urgent DATA need There is an increased demand for scientific guidance for climate variability and climate change adaptation; There is a mismatch between scales that modeling science can provide and the (smaller) scale required for actions policy-making; Historical data are needed to be amalgamated with scenario modeling results and proper dowscaling; Historical data are the outputs of the climate model experiment that mother nature gave us. We need to look carefully at these outputs But... lots of data are yet to become accessible.

Scale Challenges: results of IPCC AR4 - all 21 models used Agreement between models decrease with decreasing scale (Precip, Temperature,...) Fig IPCC AR4 –WG1

Annual Tendencies (1961 to 2008) Rainfall and Temperature

Physical Availability of DATA In many, many countries, the situation is....

Data organization: Current situation DATA - São Paulo - DISME 7

Consolidated TABLE Inventory of Data in paper form Documents

Brazil Climate Data DATA: 12 million documents being processed (cadernetas, graphs, livros M1) Climate DATA starting 1900´s Brasil Climate Memory

HIGIENIZATION Cleaning, fungus,... Organizing Scanning -> -> Digital images (Data bank for all users) CONTROL and SCANNING Large room A 22 March 2011

Brasília, DF /SET/2011 Organizing data log book arriving from regional offices

Brasília, DF /SET/2011 Cleaning... data log book storage Fonte: Assessoria de Imprensa

Brasília, DF /SET/2011 Cleaning book log Fonte: Assessoria de Imprensa

Room A Cleaning Organization

Brasília, DF /SET/2011 Digital Image of Station log

Brasília, DF /SET/2011 Digital Image of Station log

Brasília, DF /SET/2011 Digital Image of Station log

Brasília, DF /SET/2011 Digital Image of Station log

New system for organization and storage of digital images of data log Creating a DATA BANK with Digital IMAGES

New system for organization and storage of digital images of data log

Search of Image Data bank

Em junho de 1990 foi fechada temporariamente pela a redução de observadores colocados em disponibilidade conforme normas administrativa do governo Color. Corrigida a Longitude de60º:05´para 63º:08`em 18/02/03, de acordo com registros antigo. Alterado o nº de observador de 03 para 01 conf. comunic. Disme/Seoma de 02/06/2003. Corrigido valor de Long. valore anterior 63º08'. Esmet INOP no mes de Jan/04 férias do Observador. A partir de 01/05/2004 a esmet fica desobrigada a realizar a observação das 18:00 UTC nos finais de semana e feriados conf. determinação do chefe do Disme conf. memo.008/Disme/2004 e comunic. via da Seoma de 17/05/2004. esmet INOP mes de julho/2004 licença medica do observador. Aumento Nº de OBSMET para 02 em agosto / COARI (85 Anos) UF:AM Distrito:01º Situação:Operante Inicio Operação:01/01/1926 HISTORIC DATA of STATION COARI (metadado registrado na base de dados)

DIGITAL DATA BANK (digital ready for use in calculations) Quantidade de dados de Precipitação Total – COARI - AM

DIGITAL DATA BANK (digital ready for use in calculations) Quantidade de dados de Temperatura do Ar – COARI - AM

Metadata of each station data log book

DIGITAL DATA BANK (digital ready for use in calculations) Quantidade de dados de Velocidade do Vento – COARI - AM

DIGITAL DATA BANK (digital + digital images) The DATA BANK becomes the aggregate of a truly DIGITAL Data Bank + a Bank of Digital IMAGES -> to support research (while digitation goes on in parallel to complete the Digital Bank) +

Manaus – AM Analysis of the period

Manaus – AM Data Analysis

Technological improvements: automation and communication

Tipical Automatic Station Maintenance truck

Ano Região Amazônica Restante do Brasil Automatic stations installed: evolution 2000 a 2010

General View of the CCIM system Centro Integrado de Controle das Informações Meteorológicas Functional 24h x 7d (4 shifts) Control room (CCIM) Brasília External Users Maintenance Groups in the field Regional Offices Meteorological station Partners Comunication: Satellite/Celular Meteorological Data Bank - SIM

Access station location or name Internet open Data access Observações Automatic stations REAL TIME hourly DATA Open and free to all

BRASILSAT AUTOTRAC Rede Local do INMET HUB em Brasilia INMET Acesso Frame-Relay Sistema de busca CELL PHONE Real time communication: Via Satellite or cell phone real time ! INTERNET: DATA Open and free to all

Communications Network Links: connect servers at partner institutions

Communications room Servers, telephone lines, fiber optics, Connections to all Auto Met Stations Link to South America NMHSs and WMO World Center DC. Local links to Meteo and Hydro Institutions in Brazil Safe room Proof against fire and Inundation

Supercomputing facility Run NWP and keep DATA Bank Safe Room Proof against Fire and inundation

No-breaks and power generators 500KVA All in duplicate in hot stand by Guarantee of continuous functioning

CLIMATE SERVICES: From Monitoring -> Products + Prediction -> users DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE WISDOM Consilience Thanks to science and technology, access to factual knowledge... is destined to become democratic. What then?... The answer is clear: synthesis We are drowning in information, while starving for wisdom The world henceforth moves by people able to put together... information ! E. O. Wilson DECISION

WMO Workshop on Capacity Development - Requirements for GFCS - T h a n k Y o u! WMO 10 October 2011 Antonio Divino Moura INMET - Brazil INMET