Carbon Compounds

Types of Compounds Types of compounds Organic In living things Made of carbon and hydrogen Inorganic Nonliving Do not usually contain carbon Most matter in living organisms (that is not water) is made of up organic compounds

Organic or Inorganic Water (H2O) Methane (CH4) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Salts (NaCl) Carbonic Acid (CH2O3) Organic Sugar (C6H12O6) Ozone (O3) Inorganic Carbon dioxide does not also contain the hydrogen and therefore is inorganic Since carbon is the common factor in living things…we should know how it works and bonds Let’s review!

Carbon Review Element symbol? Number of protons? Number of electrons? Number of electrons in outer energy level? C 6 protons 6 electrons 2 electrons in the 1st energy level, 4 electrons in outer energy level (valence electrons) Forms 4 covalent bonds (covalent means sharing electrons)

Carbon Review What is the Lewis dot structure? So how does carbon like to bond? Covalent bonds! C (with 4 dots on the outside) Forms 4 covalent bonds (covalent means sharing electrons)

Carbon Bonding Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds with other elements or other carbon atoms Can form straight chains, branched chains, or rings Carbon can also form double or triple bonds With 4 outer electrons carbon can share it’s electrons to form 4 bonds. Acetylene – used as a fuel

Functional Groups A functional group is essentially a cluster of atoms These groups influence the properties of molecules and the chemical reactions in which they participate Alcohols always have a hydroxyl group – rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) is an example C3H8O – the OH makes it polar or soluble in water Formic acid – what ants inject when they sting – is a carboxylic acid