Bottle containing ammonium nitrate Temperature changes Hydrochloric acid 2 3 15cm3 10cm3 Hydrochloric acid 1 Measuring cylinder Quarter fill test tube with tap water Pour Pour Thermometer Boiling tube (bigger than a test tube) One scoop Thermometer Bottle containing ammonium nitrate °C Leave for one minute and record temperature °C Leave for one minute and record temperature Add Sodium hydroxide 15cm3 Add a piece of magnesium Test tube Clean measuring cylinder Feel the tube to check the temperature. Record result in box Pour Record highest temperature °C Record highest temperature °C

Complete in your book For experiment 1 For experiment 2 What did you observe? When the ammonium nitrate is added to the water, what happens to the temperature? Has a chemical reaction occurred? If the mass of the test tube was 15g, ammonium nitrate 3.1g and water 4g, what would the mass of the test tube and everything in it be at the beginning of the reaction? Would the mass have increased, decreased or stayed the same? Explain your answer to e For experiment 2 By how much did the temperature change in the reaction? When sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react together they make sodium chloride and water. Write a word equation for this reaction. What is the formula for water? What are the reactants and what are the products in this reaction? Water is a molecular substance. What does this mean? Sodium chloride is safe to eat but sodium and chlorine are both toxic. Explain why this is. For experiment 3 What did you observe during this reaction? How do you know a chemical reaction took place? Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen. Write a word equation for this reaction. Identify all elements and compounds in the equation The symbol equation for this reaction is below. Copy it into your exercise book and balance it. Mg + HCl  MgCl2 + H2 During this reaction, the overall mass decreases. Explain why this happens.

1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 C1 WS4 Chemical Reactions Mini-Practicals 40cm3 Hydrochloric acid One scoop Spatula 20cm3 Hydrochloric acid 1 1 1 Bottle containing citric acid Measuring cylinder Measuring cylinder Add 2 Pour 2 Pour 2 Test tube Conical flask One scoop Universal indicator 3 Conical flask 3 Bottle containing sodium hydrogen carbonate One scoop Record Observations Spatula 3 Sodium hydroxide 10cm3 Add 4 Bottle containing marble powder 4 Clean measuring cylinder Add 4 Pour Carefully quarter fill with tap water 5 Record Observations 5 Record Observations Feel the test tube and record observations Repeat steps 4 and 5 twice more. Record observations

C1 WS8 Copper Carbonate Investigation Start C1 WS8 Copper Carbonate Investigation One scoop Spatula Mass: _____g Bottle containing copper carbonate Plastic weighing boat Add two more scoops Record mass of weighing boat and copper carbonate Clamp at an angle Boiling tube Check your stand is set up like the one on the teacher’s desk Boss 0.00 Pour Start stopwatch Boiling tube (bigger than test tube) Retort stand Ask teacher to light – set to roaring flame Bunsen Time: ______s Pour Mass: _____g 0.00 Record mass of weighing boat and product Stop stopwatch when colour stops changing

C3 Crystallisation Start Bunsen checklist: Away from edge of the table Connected to gas tap On a heat proof mat Gauze on top of tripod Goggles over eyes Hair tied back Set to safety before lighting Sulphuric acid 20cm3 Pour 100cm3 beaker Ask teacher to light – set to invisible flame once lit Measuring cylinder Add One scoop Bottle containing copper oxide Heat till just before starts to boil Add copper oxide until no more will dissolve Stir with glass rod and warm for 30 seconds Slowly pour Slowly pour Filter paper Funnel Evaporating dish Leave on side of room on top of a piece of paper with your name Heat with blue flame until you see crystals form around the edge Warm for three minutes. If it starts to boil, ask your teacher to show you how to safely move a bunsen burner Conical flask