The World Population Growth Unit 3 The World Population Growth

What are we going to learn? patterns General information and trends in the world’s population Population terms and what they mean Singapore’s population trends

6,972,760,419 on Jul 10, 2012 6,901,797,878 on Jul 21, 2011 6,830,436,817 on Jul 21, 2010 Do you notice a trend in the world’s population every year? What will the world’s population be in 2013?

+ YEAR POPULATION DIFFERENCE 2013 2012 6,972,760,419 2011 6,901,797,878 70,962,541 2010 6,830,436,817 71,361,061 2009 6,758,530,481 71,906,336 7,043,760,419 + 6,972,760,419 71,000,000 7,043,760,419 =

World Population Why is it difficult to estimate the actual world population? Some countries do not have proper population consensus Why?

Trends in World Population Growth Before 1800 – slow growth After 1800 – faster growth Since 1990 – extremely fast Base on this trend – the world population will hit 7 billion in 2020 and 9 billion in 2050

Variation in World Population Growth Rate Growth rate has fallen but total population increases Different regions of the world grow at different rates Africa – highest North America, South America and Oceania – low Europe – negative China - stable

.. so that she can have another child with her new husband without breaking the population law.

Population terms and what they mean

Death rates Immigration rates Birth rates Factors Affecting Population Of A Country Death rates Immigration rates Birth rates

Population Growth Rate Birth rate (BR) is the number of live births per 1000 people per year Death rate (DR) is the number of deaths per 1000 people per year

Increase in population when birth rate is higher than death rate.

What is migration? Migration refers to the movement of people from one area to settle in another area. Usually to work or study for a period of time. Does not apply to tourists.

Population Growth Rate A country population growth rate (Birth Rate – Death Rate) + net migration rate Migration refers to the movement of people from one area to settle in another area Net migration refers to the difference between the no. of people coming (immigrants) and no. of people leaving (emigrants) the country per 1000 people

Population will increase if: No of births is higher than no of deaths: Birth Rate > Death Rate No of immigrants is higher than no of emigrants: Immigrant rate > Emigrant rate

Population Growth Rate (Birth Rate - Death Rate) + Net Migration Rate Population Growth Rate (of a country) =

Country A Population: 2 000 000 Deaths per year: 10 000 Births per year: 20 000 Immigrants per year: 1 000 Emigrants per year: 500 What is the country’s population growth rate?

Population Growth Rate 20 000 Birth rate: X 1 000 = 10 2 000 000 10 000 Death rate: X 1 000 = 5 2 000 000 Net migration: 1 000 – 500 = 500 500 X 1 000 0.25 Net migration rate: = 2 000 000 Population Growth Rate (of Country A) (Birth rate - Death rate) + Net Migration Rate = The population will increase 10 5 0.25 = 5.25

Country A = 5.25 Population: 2 000 000 Deaths per year: 10 000 Births per year: 20 000 Immigrants per year: 1 000 Emigrants per year: 500 What is the country’s population growth rate? = 5.25

Country B Population: 4 000 000 Deaths per year: 40 000 Births per year: 30 000 Immigrants per year: 1 500 Emigrants per year: 1 000 What is the country’s population growth rate?

Population Growth Rate Country B 30 000 Birth rate: X 1 000 = 7.5 4 000 000 40 000 Death rate: X 1 000 = 10 4 000 000 Net migration: 1 500 – 1 000 = 500 500 X 1 000 = 0.125 Net migration rate: 4 000 000 Population Growth Rate (of Country B) (Birth rate - Death rate) + Net Migration Rate = The population will decrease 7.5 10 0.125 = - 2.4

Country B = - 2.4 Population: 4 000 000 Deaths per year: 40 000 Births per year: 30 000 Immigrants per year: 1 500 Emigrants per year: 1 000 What is the country’s population growth rate? = - 2.4

Country C Population: 4 500 000 Deaths per year: 15 000 Births per year: 15 000 Immigrants per year: 1 000 Emigrants per year: 1 000 What is the country’s population growth rate?

What is the country’s population growth rate? Zero

Population Growth Rate Country C 15 000 Birth rate: X 1 000 = 3.3 4 500 000 15 000 Death rate: X 1 000 = 3.3 4 500 000 Net migration: 1 000 – 1 000 = X 1 000 = Net migration rate: 4 500 000 Population Growth Rate (of Country C) (Birth rate - Death rate) + Net Migration Rate = The population remains the same 3.3 3.3 = 0

Zero Population Growth BR = DR and has zero net migration rate What type of population growth rate is Singapore experiencing?

Looking at Singapore in detail

Singapore’s Population 5.1 million – 3.7 millions are citizens and permanent residents. 1.4 million are foreigners The sex ratio 1.8 million males per and 1.9 million females in 2010. Chinese (74.7%), Malays (13.6%), Indians (8.9%), Eurasians, Arabs, Armenians, Jews, Europeans, Peranakans and other groups (2.8%). Based on 2010 figures

Singapore Population Trend Year Total Population ('000) Singapore Residents ('000) Non-S’poreans (‘000) 1990 3,047.1 2,735.9 311.2 2000 4,027.9 3,273.4 754.5 2008 4,839.4 3,642.7 1,196.7 2011 5,183.7 3,789.3 1,394.4 http://www.singstat.gov.sg

Singapore Population Trend

Looking At Population Pyramids

What is a population pyramid? A graphic representation. . . What does it show? showing number or portion of males and females in each age categories in a population.

Non-working population Non-working population Rapid Growth Non-working population Working population Non-working population

Slow Growth

Negative Growth

Singapore’s Population Pyramid

INFANT MORTALITY RATE Number of live infants reaching 1 year old per 1 000 population

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