Prime Minister & Cabinet Executive Branch Governor General Prime Minister & Cabinet Main function is to implement laws

PM – leader of the party that won the election

Cabinet Ministers

Cabinet Ministers Selected by the PM and assigned a specific “portfolio” – i.e. Minister of Finance

Main function is to make laws Legislative Branch Governor General Members of Parliament Senate Main function is to make laws

Governor General

Members of Parliament (MPs)

Official Opposition – party that won the 2nd most seats in the election

Responsible for holding government Shadow Cabinet Responsible for holding government in power accountable

Their role is to ensure party discipline and solidarity Party Whip Their role is to ensure party discipline and solidarity

A Member of Parliament with Backbencher A Member of Parliament with no specific portfolio

Speaker of the House Role is to control debate in the House of Commons

Sergeant-at-Arms Role is to bring in the ceremonial mace and ensure the security of the House of Commons

Senate 105 members appointed by the Prime Minister A house of “sober second thought’ that accepts or rejects bills passed by the House of Commons

The various levels of courts that apply Judicial Branch The various levels of courts that apply the laws of Canada

Supreme Court of Canada