Spanish American War & Philippines Imperialism II Spanish American War & Philippines

How does this idea connect to social Darwinism? Significance: Proposes that the white man has a moral obligation and duty to civilize, educate and convert the non-white inhabitants of their colonies. Kipling offered the poem to Theodore Roosevelt when he was governor of New York to help persuade anti-imperialist Americans to accept the annexation of the Philippines. WHITE MAN’S BURDEN By Rudyard Kipling Take up the White Man’s burden— Send forth the best ye breed— Go send your sons to exile To serve your captives' need To wait in heavy harness On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half devil and half child How does this idea connect to social Darwinism?

AIM: Should the United States have pursued a policy of expansionism? Key Terms: Yellow Press Nationalism Rough Riders De Lome Letter Treaty of Paris Jingoism USS Maine Explosion Platt Amendment The White Man’s Burden Essential Questions: How did the Yellow Press influence the country and our political leaders? Why would the U.S. participate in a War with Spain? Did the U.S. interfere with the Philippines out of principle or power?

Terms and Definitions: Yellow Press/Journalism= Sensationalized media used specifically to instigate pro-American feelings and stir up support for war. Ex. Joseph Pulitzer & William Hearst Imperialism= strong country takes over a weaker country for the purpose of acquiring raw materials, new markets, power, prestige. Jingoism = intense nationalism with desire for adventure Monroe Doctrine=Principle of US policy originated by James Monroe in 1823...Keep European influences out of our hemisphere!!

Causes & Effects of Spanish American War Humanitarian Concerns Yellow Journalism Protect U.S. economic interest in Cuba De Lome Letter called McKinley “weak” Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine Cubans rebel against Spanish Effects U.S. defeats Spain in 3 months Spain recognizes Cuba’s independence U.S. gets control of Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam Cuba became a virtual U.S. protectorate U.S. is recognized as world power

"I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one" – TR, Rough Riders Improved the U.S. Navy 4 months of fighting Success at the Battle of San Juan Many deaths – malaria, yellow fever, bad/ contaminated food “A splendid little War” – Sec of State, John Hays

Teller Amendment/Treaty of Paris/Platt Amendment McKinley did not want to go to war – was afraid it would hurt the Wall Street Economy. Passed the Teller Amendment that said we wouldn’t interfere in Cuba after we won. (Liar!) Lasted only four months U.S. won—turned America into an imperial power Treaty of Paris 1900 Spanish colonies of Puerto Rico, Guam, and Philippines belonged to US Cuba gained its independence Cuba signed the Platt Amendment 1902 If Cuba wanted to have any treaties with other countries, it would have to ask America first. Allowed America to intervene into Cuban affairs even during times of peace. Allowed America to keep navy ships in its bay (Guantanamo Bay).

Describe the message in this cartoon. How does this cartoon support our policy of expansionism?

The Philippine Islands 7,000 Islands!!!!! (more than!) Land Area- 114,830 square miles Distance from China- 688 miles Chief products: rice; corn; coconut; sugar cane; tobacco; timber; copper; gold; silver; iron; lead

“Save me from My Friends!” Editorial cartoon from Puck, September 7, 1898. The caption reads: “Taking Cuba from Spain was easy. Preserving it from overzealous Cuban patriots is another matter.”

The Philippine Islands and Proximity to China

WHITE MAN’S BURDEN In February 1899, British novelist and poet Rudyard Kipling wrote a poem entitled “The White Man’s Burden: The United States and The Philippine Islands.” In this poem, Kipling urged the U.S. to take up the “burden” of empire, as had Britain and other European nations. The poem coincided with the beginning of the Philippine-American War and U.S. Senate ratification of the treaty that placed Puerto Rico, Guam, Cuba, and the Philippines under American control. Theodore Roosevelt, soon to become vice-president and then president, copied the poem and sent it to his friend, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, commenting that it was “rather poor poetry, but good sense from the expansion point of view.” Not everyone was as favorably impressed as Roosevelt. The racialized notion of the “White Man’s burden” became a euphemism for imperialism, and many anti-imperialists couched their opposition in reaction to the phrase.

The War and the Media

Casualties American Casualties during the American-Philippine War 5,000 Deaths Filipinos during the American- Philippine War 20,000 Filipino soldiers killed 200,000 Filipino civilians killed

Relationship with the Philippines Treaty of Paris made the Philippines ours after the Spanish American War in 1898. Treaty of Manila: Philippines became independent (the US thought they were finally ready) in 1946. Other islands we own now: Samoan Islands; Wake Island, Guam; and Puerto Rico is a common wealth of the U.S.