The Struggle for Canada

Review of what we’ve learnt so far.. The 7 Years War is a global war between Britain and France. Each are trying to take away the others colonies/Destroy their empires. In 1755 Britain deported French Acadians out of Nova Scotia (for fear of them siding with the French) In 1756, the 7 Years War officially begins in North America

The Struggle for Canada Pg. 110

The Struggle for Canada In order to control New France and thus North America; the British would have to control 2 things: Louisbourg Quebec

Capturing Louisbourg Pg. 110

Capturing Louisbourg Louisbourg had to be captured first because it guarded the St Lawrence river, which led to Quebec. The British blockaded Louisbourg with a seige to cut off supplies and help. After 7 weeks, Louisbourg fell into British Hands

Onward to Canada Pg. 110

Onward to Canada British travelled to Quebec from Louisbourg in the Spring of 1759. It would not be easy to capture Quebec because their fortress was located on a steep cliff Could not rely on a Siege like with Louisbourg

Points of View before the Battle (Calm before the Storm) Pg. 111

British vs French Point of View British were on the offence. Wanted to draw the French out of their fortress and into an open field for battle French were on the defence. Wanted to wait until help arrived from France OR until winter sent the British retreating

A Standoff Pg. 111

A Standoff British tried to draw the French out of Fort Quebec by burning down surrounding French settlements/villages, but that did not work. British had one last chance before winter came to begin battle with the French

The Battle of the Plains of Abraham Pg. 111-113

The Battle on the Plains of Abraham On the night of September 12 1759, British soldiers snuck onto on the Plains of Abraham, and prepared for battle The French had two choices: Fight the British head on OR Hide and wait.

The Battle on the Plains of Abraham French decided to fight head on, and a fierce battle raged for 15 minutes. ( Both General Montcalm (French) and General Wolfe (British) died during this battle In the end, Quebec fell into British hands as the French retreated

Canada: A People’s History

Did Montcalm Make a Mistake? “The English are bringing their cannons up the cliff. The longer I wait, the stronger they become. I have more soldiers than they do on the field. I could wait for reinforcements, but if I attack now perhaps I will catch them before they are ready.” Did Montcalm make the best decision he could? Why or why not?

The End of the 7 Years War The Treaty of Paris

The Treaty of Paris (1763) 3 Years after Quebec fell into British hands, the Seven Years war ended in a British Victory. In 1763, The Treaty of Paris was signed signaling the end of the war The treaty officially gave control off all of France’s possessions in North America to Britain

The First Nations and the War p. 114-115

The First Nations and the War Most First Nations had been allied with the French during the 7 Years War. After the French surrendered the First Nations did not stop fighting against the British Many First Nations tribes banded together and were led by an Odawa leader named Pontiac

The First Nations and the War Pontiac’s forces managed to capture seven British forts before they were defeated by the British.

Britain's New Challenges

Britain's New Challenges Now that Britain owned all the land in North America, it had new problems to solve What to do with the French colonists of New France? What to do with the First Nations? What would you do as the British?

Canada: A People’s History