Changes in Matter SC.5.P.9.1 Teacher: Please understand that this PowerPoint is a tool for you to use in the classroom, it covers the benchmark SC.5.P.9.1 Changes in Matter. Use the PowerPoint to help guide your lesson, refer to throughout the topic or as review.

Common Board configuration Benchmark: SC.5.P.9.1 Investigate and describe that many physical and chemical changes are affected by temperature. Objective: -Students will be able to describe physical and chemical changes affected by temperature. Essential Question: How can many physical and chemical changes are affected by temperature? Home Learning: Teacher: Review the common board configurations with students. Please fill in the home learning as you deem appropriate. ***Please see Item Bank Specifications for Content Limits and Benchmark Clarifications as well as Science Test Item Specifications for Information.

Word Wall Tarnish Gas Shape Melting Size Decay Decompose Rust Color Teacher: Introduce / revisit vocabulary. Make sure these words are part of your interactive word wall. Size, Shape, color, gas, rust, tarnish, decompose, melting, decay Melting Size Decay Decompose Rust Color

Share and Write Accountable Talk Teacher: This slide indicates time for accountable talk. Please use a collaborative structure of your choice to determine pairs for the discussion on the next slide. Share and Write

What are some other ways to physically change paper? Discussion Point What are some other ways to physically change paper? Teacher: Provide students with a sheet of paper and have them discuss various physical changes that they can make to the paper. Allow students to have a hands on moment and explore the physical changes to the paper.

Changes of State Changing from one state of matter to another is called a change of state. Changes of state are caused by changes in temperature. When liquid water is heated, it becomes water vapor- a gas. When it is cooled it turns back into a liquid. When it is put in a freezer, it becomes ice- a solid. Changes of state are physical changes because the chemical identity of the substance does not change. Teacher: Discuss the changes of state. This should be a review of students and set the foundation to physical and chemical changes.

Chemical Changes Chemical change occurs when one type of substance is changed into a new substance. There are many chemical changes that take place around us every day. Burning Decay Cooking Rusting Teacher: Discuss chemical changes and provide examples of chemical changes. This is a difficult concept for students, so make sure you are explicit.

Burning Burning is a chemical change. When a piece of paper burns, the paper and oxygen in the air combine to form ash and carbon dioxide. Anytime something burns, such as a candle or a camp fire, a chemical change is taking place. Teacher: Burning is causes a chemical change. Burning a candle changes the wax and the wick into soot, ash, and gases.

Decay After an organism dies, the body of the organism will decay, and eventually the materials that made up the organism will be recycled back into the ecosystem. Decay is an example of a chemical change because it changes the material of an organism's body into new things. Teacher: Decay is a form of chemical change. For example, if a plant dies, the material that made up the plant will decay and become part of the soil. Warmer temperatures help this process happen faster.

Cooking During the process of cooking, materials often change into other materials with different characteristics. When this takes place, cooking is a chemical change. Chemical changes cannot usually be reversed. For example, it is not possible to "uncook" an egg. An egg becomes stiff and white when it is cooked. Teacher: Explain the chemical change: cooking. Then discuss the examples of an egg (slide) and the pancake. Pancake example: In the same way, the properties of a pancake are different than the properties of the uncooked mixture used to make the pancake. Cooking a pancake causes the mixture of flour, water, eggs, and oil to chemically combine.

Rust is an example of a chemical change. Rusting Rust is an example of a chemical change. Rust forms when iron reacts with the oxygen in the air to make a new substance with new characteristics that are different from those of the original iron and oxygen. The process of rusting is a chemical change that can affect metals, rocks, and soils that contain iron. Teacher: For example, nails and screws can form rust when exposed to water in the atmosphere. Over time, rusting changes the iron in nails and screws from being shiny and smooth to reddish brown, rough, and crusty.

What are some signs of a chemical change that can be observed? Signs or clues can include: Change in odor Change in color Change in taste Change in mass Forming bubbles (giving off a gas) Giving off smoke Giving off light Teacher: Remind students that observe means to use our five senses. Discuss some signs of chemical change that can be observed.

Examples of Chemical Changes: Corrosion of metal—when iron combines with oxygen in the air, rust forms Gas bubbles— Baking soda combines with vinegar, carbon dioxide forms A change in color (browning of fruit - decay) – an apple is peeled and there is a reaction with oxygen in the air. Teacher: This slide provides more examples for students to understand chemical changes. Remember this is a difficult concept for students.

Physical Change Chemical Changes A physical change is a change in the physical properties of matter. The matter changed in how it looks, but what it is made out of does not change. A change that takes place when a substance changes in size, shape or form. The particles of matter do not change. Chemical Changes A chemical change is a change in the chemical properties of matter. A chemical change occurs when two or more kinds of matter combine to form a new substance with different properties. A change that takes place when a substance is completely altered. The particles of matter do change. Teacher: This might be a great idea for students to set up a t-chart to collect notes on the right side of their journal as you review the PowerPoint. If this is the case, this slide could serve as a reminder of what students will need to have recorded. Circulate the room to make sure students have this information on the right side of the journal.

Share and Write Accountable Talk Teacher: This slide indicates time for accountable talk. Please use a collaborative structure of your choice to determine pairs for the discussion on the next slide. Share and Write

What is a chemical change? Discussion Point What is a chemical change? How is a chemical change different than a physical change? How is heat involved in chemical changes? How is heat involved in physical changes? Teacher: Allow students time to discuss these questions. Having a group of four might be beneficial, each student could be responsible for answering one of the questions. Circulate the classroom making sure students are on task and discussing the questions at hand. If there are misconceptions try to clarify. Make sure to ask probing questions.

Answer: A chemical change produces substances that have new properties. Answer: A physical change does not produce new substances like a chemical change does. It only changes physical properties. Answer: Sometimes heating can cause chemical changes. Sometimes chemical changes give off heat. Answer: Sometimes adding heat to matter can change its state - when enough heat is added to it can cause melting or if heat is taken away it can cause freezing of the matter. Teacher: Review the answers.

Checks for Understanding Scenario Water boiling into steam An ice cream melting A bicycle rusting in the rain A banana turning brown Tearing paper into pieces A candle wick burning Water freezing into ice A carton of milk going sour A loaf of bread cut into slices Burning toast in the toaster Physical or Chemical 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8 9. 10. Teacher: Reading various examples of change out loud. Have students work independently (or in partners) to determine if the scenario is an example of physical change or chemical change. Have students cite evidence to document their thinking.

Physical and Chemical Change Resources: Free Brain POP: Matter Changing Property Changes Scholastic Study Jams: Physical & Chemical Changes of Matter CHEM4KIDS: Changing States of Matter Chemical Reactions PBS Learning Media: http://wlrn.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/idptv11.sci.phys.matter.d4ksow/states-of- water/ Teacher: Utilize these resources to enhance lessons.