Bacteria Flesh Eating Bacteria

What are the two domains of bacteria? Eubacteria “Good” or “true” bacteria. Live everywhere Cell wall with peptidoglycan Archaebacteria “Old” bacteria Live in extreme environments (hot springs, high salt concentrations, etc) Cell wall without peptidoglycan

What type of cells are bacteria? Prokaryotic No Nucleus or membrane bound organelles Unicellular Contain one cell

Three basic shapes of bacteria cocci - round shape bacilli - rod shape spirillum - spiral shaped

Arrangements of bacteria Bacteria can also arrange themselves in different ways according to their shape Strepto - chains Staphylo - clusters

Arrangement Streptococcus - Chain

Arrangement Streptobacillus - Chains

Arrangement Dicoccus - Two

Arrangement Staphylococcus - Clusters

Basic parts of a bacterium Nuclear Material (DNA) NO NUCLEUS!!!! Cytoplasm Ribosomes Cell Membrane Cell wall with and without peptidoglycan Gram positive and gram negative (only Eubacteria) Plasmid (circular loop of DNA) Fagellum

What is a flagellum? Used for locomotion

What ways do they move? Flagellum Slime Spiral Movement No Movement Long whip-like tail (shown) Slime Slime layer used to slide Spiral Movement Spiral twisting No Movement

What two ways do bacteria reproduce? Asexual Binary Fission Identical Cells Sexual Conjugation then binary fission New Genetically Different Cells

How do bacteria obtain food? Autotroph Make it themselves with the help of light or inorganic matter and chemicals Heterotroph Breakdown food, dead or decaying matter (organic matter). decomposer

Do bacteria need oxygen? Yes Some need oxygen to help break down food. No Some cannot use oxygen and it is like poison to them and kills the bacteria.

What good do bacteria do for the planet? Fuel Some Archaebacteria produces methane Food Bacteria assist in making food such as yogurt, pickles, cheese, apple cider. Recycling Breaking down dead and decaying matter (decomposer). Some bacteria are used to clean up oil spills. Symbiotic Relationships E. coli Vitamin K in Human Intestines Cow gut

Microbial Friends Escherichia coli Lactobacillus acidophilus Aids in food digestion Lactobacillus acidophilus Turns milk into yogurt Streptomycin Makes streptomycin, an antibiotic

What are some bad things bacteria do on the planet? Spoil food Cause Disease Food Poisoning Lyme Disease Strep Throat Tuberculosis (TB) Producing toxins that harm living things Tetanus, Botulism, Anthrax

How can you treat and prevent bacterial diseases? Antibiotic chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming the body cells of humans Vaccine substance used in a vaccination that consists of pathogens that have been weakened or killed, but can still trigger the immune system into action.