1. BACTERIA

2. Bacteria are very small

3. Pore in the human skin The yellow spheres are bacteria

4. Bacteria about to be eaten by a white blood cell

5. Clean skin has about 20 million bacteria per square inch

6. The tip of a needle The red and yellow dots are bacteria

7. Bacteria on a toothbrush

9. Basic Characteristics Unicellular Prokaryotic  Lack a nucleus  Lack membrane- bound organelles Have a cell wall

10. Structure

12. 2 Kingdoms Archeabacteria  Live in harsh conditions  Cell wall lacks peptidoglycan Eubacteria  More diverse  More common  Cell wall contains peptidoglycan

13. Archeabacteria - Methanogens Live in anaerobic conditions Produce methane Found in the digestive tracts of cows & termites

14. Archeabacteria - Thermophiles Thrive in extremely high temperatures Hot sulfur springs, volcanic vents

15. Archeabacteria - Halophiles Thrive in extremely salty conditions Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake

16. Eubacteria Most bacteria are in this kingdom Found just about everywhere on the planet Almost as old as Archeabacteria Responsible for initial presence of oxygen in the atmosphere

17. 3 Bacterial Shapes

18. 1. Cocci = Sphere

19. 2. Bacilli = Rod

20. 3. Spirilla = Spiral

21. Strepto = Chain

22. Staphylo = Cluster

23. 3 Methods of Obtaining Nutrition Photo- autotroph Chemo- autotroph Heterotroph

24. Photoautotrophs Use light to produce energy/food

25. Chemoautotrophs Use inorganic compounds to create usable energy/ food First life?

26. Heterotrophs Must consume another living organism for energy/food

27. 2 Types of Cell Walls Gram-positive Gram-negative

28. Gram-positive Absorbs the Gram stain Appears purple under the microscope

29. Gram-negative Do NOT absorb the Gram stain Appear pink under the microscope Have a lipid outer coat Increased resistance to antibiotices

30. Reproduction 2 Types: Asexual & Sexual

31. Asexual = Binary fission DNA copies Cell divides

32. Sexual = Conjugation Use pili Transfer plasmids * Increases genetic diversity

33. Bacteria maybe helpful or harmful Cause disease Recycle nutrients  Nitrogen-fixation Food Medicine Aid with digestion

35. Just a quick review ….

36. Helicobacter pylori = ulcers

37. Botulism/Botox

38. Cholera

39. Salmonella

40. Dental caries

41. Strep throat

42. Lyme Disease

43. leprosy