Warm Up 2/15- Positives vs Negatives The year is 1900. As your New Years’ Resolution, you have decided to try to be more optimistic about things. You have decided to make a list of all of the good things in your life, community, and country. You can’t, however, forget all of the negatives, so while you are making a list of all of the positives, you list beside that everything that is wrong/could improve in the world at that time.

The Progressive Era

When/What was the Progressive Era? WHEN? “Progressive Reform Era” 1890s 1900 1918 1920s WHY? Address the problems arising from: Politics Society Labor

What needed to be reformed? Politics Corruption Middle class wanted federal government to regulate the big business Sherman Anti-Trust Act-had been undermined/was not being properly enforced

What needed to be reformed? Society Poverty and filth in urban areas African Americans had been segregated from society Women still did not have the right to vote Immigrants were forced to assimilate into American culture

What needed to be reformed? Labor Worker’s conditions: dangerous workplaces, long hours, low pay Unions-Formed to ensure workers’ rights, but many big businesses forbid their workers from joining unions Child Labor

Who were the Progressives? Included a wide range of groups and individuals with a common desire to improve life in the industrial age Middle-class Urban dwellers Well-educated Reformers Muckrakers

Politic Reforms Citizens fought for, and won, such measures as secret ballots, referendum votes, and the recall. 17th Amendment (1913)-Direct election of senators

Politic Reform Direct Primaries: all party members vote for who will be nominated as a candidate Secret ballot: individual’s votes would be kept secret Referendum: allows citizens to vote directly on important issues Recall: allows voters to remove an elected official from office before their term is up Initiative: allows voters to force elected officials to vote on a certain issue

Society Reform Temperance Movement-Anti-alcohol movement; would lead to support for prohibition (18th Amendment)

Society Reform Settlement homes created to serve community Hull House- Jane Adams YMCA, Salvation Army took on service roles

Labor Reform Nearly every state limited or banned child labor by 1918 More sympathetic to injured workers (workers’ comp.)

MUCKRAKER Journalists known as “Muckrakers”- exposed corruption and atrocities

Muckrakers Jacob Riis Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens Upton Sinclair How the Other Half Lives (1890)- Poverty of New York citizens Ida Tarbell History of Standard Oil (1904)- exposed Rockefeller’s monopoly Lincoln Steffens Shame of the Cities (1904)- political machines Upton Sinclair The Jungle (1906)- meatpacking and food industry

Muckrakers Jacob Riis

Muckrakers Ida Tarbell

Muckrakers Lincoln Steffens Remember Thomas Nast?

Muckrakers Upton Sinclair

Homework 2/15 Muckraker Article Write an article about a major contemporary issue that is harming society (1 Page) Research: Use some of the same strategies that the muckrakers used in order to portray the social ills of society in a manner that will persuade the common reader to want to take action and help to improve the social problem. Choose any topic you want!