13.1 - Changing the Living World

Concept Map Selective Breeding Section 13-1 Go to Section: consists of Inbreeding Hybridization which crosses which crosses Similar organisms Dissimilar organisms for example for example Organism breed A Organism breed B which which Retains desired characteristics Combines desired characteristics Go to Section:

Selective Breeding Selective breeding has been used thousands of years by humans Dogs have been bred to hunt, be better retrievers or make them hypo-allergenic Humans select desired traits to pass on to the next generations Almost all domestic animals and most crops have been produced by selective breeding

Hybridization Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both traits Creates hybrids Can help create plants that are naturally resistant to pests and disease Liger Leopon Cama

Inbreeding Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics Ensures that each breed stays unique Maintains desired traits Happens with dogs quite often Does have risks: Can increase genetic defects Many breeds of dogs have joint problems and other issues because of this

Increasing Variation Breeders sometimes increase genetic variation in a population by inducing mutations Mutations are inheritable New kinds of bacteria Produce bacteria that breakdown oil New kinds of plants Plants can be produced that are polyploid Polyploid = extra set of chromosomes