KEY CONCEPT Fungi are heterotrophs that absorb their food.

Fungi are adapted to absorb their food from the environment. Plants and fungi have different traits: Fungal cell walls are made of chitin. Plant cell walls are made of cellulose. Plants have chlorophyll and photosynthesize. Fungi absorb food through hyphae. Plants and fungi have similar traits: Both are nonmoving. Grow underground and aboveground. May produce spores.

Fungi are multicellular organisms, with the exception of yeasts. hyphae mycelium fruiting body

Fungi come in many shapes and sizes. Primitive fungi are aquatic and have flagellated spores. Sac fungi form a sac that contains spores for reproduction (called ascus, plural= asci). Yeasts are single-celled sac fungi. Morels and truffles are multicellular sac fungi.

Bread molds are often found on spoiled food. Also includes fungi used to ferment certain foods. mycorrhizae belong to this group form zygospores during reproduction

Club fungi have fruiting bodies which are club-shaped. include mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi reproductive structures called basidia

Fungi reproduce sexually and asexually. Most fungi reproduce both sexually and asexually. Yeasts reproduce asexually through budding. Yeasts form asci during sexual reproduction.

Multicellular fungi have complex reproductive cycles. distinctive reproductive structures

All fungi form spores and zygotes.

Multicellular fungi have complex reproductive cycles. life cycles may include either sexual or asexual reproduction or both

Club Fungi

Spores will land Fungus #1 mycelium grows underground….Fungus #2 mycelium grows underground . . Two fungi grow together and fuse Diploid fruiting body grows from the mass Haploid spores created & released from the underside of the fruiting body . . . . . ground

. . Spores will land New hyphae will grow into a new mycelium Cycle repeats . ground

Lichens Fungus + blue-green bacteria or green algae Mycelium of fungi surrounds the green organism Grow on rocks, soil, trees Mutualistic relationship Algae/bacteria: provides food Fungus: benefits unclear (warmth, substrate to grow in) Food source & help create soil