1. Kingdom
Fungi

2. Fungi Basics
Heterotrophs
No photosynthesis

3. Fungi Basics
Heterotrophs
No photosynthesis
enzymes absorb nutrients

4. Fungi Basics Heterotrophs Cell wall made of chitin (polysaccharide)
No photosynthesis
enzymes absorb nutrients
Cell wall made of chitin (polysaccharide)
Insect exoskeletons made of chitin as well

5. Fungi Basics Heterotrophs Cell wall made of chitin (polysaccharide)
No photosynthesis
enzymes absorb nutrients
Cell wall made of chitin (polysaccharide)
Reproduction: Sexual & Asexual
Fruiting Body produces spores

6. Fungi Basics Heterotrophs Cell wall made of chitin (polysaccharide)
No photosynthesis
enzymes absorb nutrients
Cell wall made of chitin (polysaccharide)
Reproduction: Sexual & Asexual
Evolved from fungus-like protista

7. Fungi Structure Spores land on ground Hyphae grow from spore
Release enzymes to digest food
Absorb nutrients
Mycelium accumulates
Body of the fungus
Large mass of hyphae
Fruiting body appears
reproductive structure
creates spores by meiosis
Fungi classified based on differing fruiting bodies

8. Fungi Structure Spores land on ground Hyphae grow from spore
Fruiting body
Spores land on ground
Hyphae grow from spore
Release enzymes to digest food
Absorb nutrients
Mycelium accumulates
Body of the fungus
Large mass of hyphae
Fruiting body appears
reproductive structure
creates spores by meiosis
Fungi classified based on differing fruiting bodies
Hyphae
Spore producing structure
Mycelium

9. Asexual Reproduction Asexual Fruiting body release haploid spores
Haploid mat of mycelium grows
Haploid fruiting body creates haploid spores
Spores released
Cycle repeats

10. Bread Molds Decompose dead matter Can reproduce sexually or asexually
Ecological importance: Mycorrhizae
Mutualistic with plant roots; Provide decomposed nutrients to plant

11. . . . Bread Molds Sexual Haploid spores from two different fungi lands
Hyphae of fungus A
Sexual
Haploid spores from two different fungi lands
Spores grows into haploid mycelium
Haploid hyphae fuse together creating a diploid zygospore
Zygospore grows into diploid mycelium
Haploid spores created inside sporangia by meiosis
Hyphae of fungus B . . .
sporangium

12. Club Fungi Mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungi Fruiting body Club shaped
Haploid spores produced by meiosis
Spores housed inside “basidia”
Puffballs
Mushrooms
Shelf fungi
ground
Club

13. Here is a typical mushroom… lets flip it upside-down
These haploid spores are created by meiosis and released into the wind.
Notice the “gills” underneath. These folds contain millions of spores. Lets zoom in…
Here is a typical mushroom… lets flip it upside-down

14. Haploid spore from fungus A will land…
Haploid spore from fungus A will land…. Haploid spore from fungus B will land
Haploid mycelium grows underground from each spore
Two haploid hyphae fuse together… creating a diploid mycelium
Fruiting body grows from the mass
Haploid spores created (meiosis) & released from the basidia . . . . .
ground

15. Sac Fungi Yeast, morels, truffles Some produce antibiotics
Fruiting body
resembles a sac
Spores housed inside “asci”
Penicillium fungi
Yeast
Morel
Truffle
ground

16. Here is a typical sac fungi… lets look at a drawing instead
Lets zoom in to the inside of the sac…
Here are the asci that hold the spores... Lets zoom into one ascus as it releases the spores
Meiosis created these spores and the wind helps to disperse them

17. . . . . . . Haploid spores from two fungi will land
Haploid mycelium grows underground from each spore
Two haploid hyphae fuse together… creating a diploid mycelium .
Fruiting body grows from the mass .
Haploid spores created (meiosis) & released from the asci . . . .
ground

18. Lichens Often pioneer species (grow on rock)
Example of two organisms living in mutualism
#1: Fungus
#2: Algae
Mutualism: Both benefit
Fungus: obtains nutrients from the algae
Algae: grows among the hyphae of the fungus; gets water