Cameras and Lighting Ms. Murphy

Tips for Lighting Keep strongest light behind camera (at camera person’s back) Reflectors redirect light Silk or cloth can diffuse strong light

Tips for Lighting Artificial light works best When artificial and natural light mix, the colors of the lights clash Using natural light Overcast days are best Try not to tape someone in full sunlight

Key Light Pointed directly at the subject and sets the stage for the rest of the lighting Sometimes casts noticeable shadows, and may need to be balanced out by the other lights

Fill Light Used to illuminate the background and wash away any overly harsh shadows that the key light produces Both fill and back light are often provided by reflectors.

Back Light Adds definition to your subject by shining from the back Depending on the intensity of this light, the effect can be subtle or dramatic

3 Point Lighting Three-point lighting setup

Good Lighting

Bad Lighting Too Dark Too Bright

Lighting Issues

Lighting Issues

Check Lighting Use your hand…

Setting Quick Guide Sound (see audio slide) Gain: 0 Shutter Speed: 60 Iris: Auto ND Filter: Off Focus: Auto White Balance (see slide)

Audio Settings Plug headphones into the side Press silver button on back to check audio levels Interviews Plug external mic into Channel 1 Put camera mic in Channel 2 Setting on side “Mic ” Channel 1 and Channel 2 Natural sound – Mic is in channel 1 Setting on side is “Mic” No higher than 6

Push lock button down to “Hold” setting To Change Settings Put auto lock in middle Change setting Push lock button down to “Hold” setting

Set in middle to change settings Once set, move to the “Hold” position

Tips for Better Lighting Use outside lights Lamps, cell phone Physically move ND filter (on side) OFF Slow shutter speed Change Iris Set to manual Post production Increase gain – LAST RESORT Set at 0

White Balance

White Balance

Iris SETTING THE MANUAL EXPOSURE Set the AUTO LOCK switch into the middle position Press the IRIS button on the barrel of the lens - the letter F and a number will appear in the viewfinder/LCD. You can now select the aperture size manually by using the silver IRIS dial. Push lock button down to set To return to AUTO mode just press the IRIS button again and then push lock button If it’s set manually you will see the number in the bottom right and it won’t change Expose using manual iris (or in Auto to start with until you get used to the camera). Zebras on 70% with the occasional flick to 100%.

Iris

1.6 4.8 11

Check Lighting Exposure

SHUTTER SPEED Your shutter speed describes how long the camera's sensor records the image coming into the camera.  Just like in still cameras, how fast the shutter opens and closes when taking a picture.  higher shutter speed allows for smoother shots of higher motion, but darkens shot lower shutter speed results in jerkier shots of higher motion, but brightens shot if you adjust your shutter speed, you'll most likely need to re-adjust iris setting in order to get back to the correct light levels  Set the shutter manually to 50 (PAL) or 60(NTSC). Only use the shutter for effect

Shutter Speed = 60

GAIN Gain amplifies the electrical signal being recorded by your camera's sensor.  Gain allows the shooter to enhance the picture in low light situations, which can be helpful in situations where you don't have any external lighting The default setting on your camera should be set at 0DB.  Any number higher means that your gain is turned on.  A major disadvantage to using gain however, can cause your picture to be distorted, so use with caution!   Gain helps in low light situations Can lower image quality with distortions Try to avoid using gain as much as possible

Gain = 0

Tape Speed 2 3 4 1

Cameras come with adaptors Plug in to an outlet Don’t need a battery Power Plug in all batteries Cameras come with adaptors Plug in to an outlet Don’t need a battery

Small Black Camera Camera set on “Play” Function  Menu Play/out Setup 2 should read: AV/Phones: AV Comp.Out: 1080i DV Output: DV Do not need external microphone

Practice Go out and shoot something in the school practicing 3 point lighting. You have 10 minutes. Where was the main light source? Was the subject clear or were shadows cast? Could there have been a way to fill in those shadows with any available light? What did each student learn after reading the article, watching the videos, and practicing on their own?

Practice Create a shot sheet for these five locations: WMT Natural sounds Classroom (fluorescent lights) Inside school using windows (natural light from outside) Indoor room with lamps Outside on a sunny day Outside on an overcast day

Name 3 ways to fix lighting What is one use of sound in a video? Bell Name 3 ways to fix lighting What is one use of sound in a video? Why is sequencing important?