Unit 1: Welcome to the New World 2.1 – 2.4 Spain & France Exploration

"The Europeans - Why They Left. " The Europeans - Why They Left. N. p "The Europeans - Why They Left." The Europeans - Why They Left. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Sept. 2015.

Use this information to add to your Chapter 2 Notes

2.1 Introduction Summary: European countries were in a race to explore new regions across the world to gain control, increase their economic status, and spread their culture.

2.2 Columbus's Discoveries & Colombian Exchange Summary: After sailing his fleet of three ships west, Columbus mistakenly lands on islands in the Caribbean. He claimed this land for Spain and believed he had found Asia. These voyages transferred diseases, goods, species, etc. between the islands and Europe. Vocab: Columbus: Italian explorer sponsored by the Monarchy in Spain to sail west in search of new land. Colombian Exchange: The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe and the Americas.

2.2 Slavery Comes to America Summary: Laborers were needed in response to the high death rate of Indians from the effects of the Columbian Exchange. African slaves were introduced to meet this demand. Vocab: Slavery: The treatment of people as property. People who are denied freedom in this way are said to be enslaved.

2.2 Cortez Conquers Mexico & Pizarro Conquers Peru Summary: Spanish explorers, such as Cortez, sought to conquer land in the Americas. By fighting against native tribes, such as the Aztecs, these soldiers destroyed civilizations to expand the culture and rule of Spain. Vocab: Pizarro: Spanish explorer who attacked the Inca empire, killed its leader and stole its riches (in gold) Conquistadores: Soldiers from Spain sent to the New World to expand Spain’s empire. “On October 12, 1492, Columbus stepped on land and claimed for Spain an island he named San Salvador. “(teachtci.com)

2.3 – Spanish Borderlands Vocab: Summary: In search for gold and other treasures, Spain claimed territories, including Mexico, Florida, and the southwestern portion of the future United States. The eventual lack of long-term settlements in the North and poor treatment of natives made them less successful in the New World. Vocab: Colony: A new settlement or territory established and governed by the country of origin. Coronado: Spanish Conquistador searching for the golden cities, only to find Indian pueblos, and disappointment. Missionaries: People who travelled to a territory in order to convert inhabitants to their religion. “Although Coronado never found the Seven Cities of Cíbola, his explorations opened a new area for Spanish settlement.” (teachtci.com)

2.4 – Claiming New France & Settling New France Summary: The French explorers staked claim to much of present-day Canada, as well as Louisiana, the territory west of the Mississippi River. Most French settlers were more interested in trapping and trading furs rather than in farming or establishing large settlements. Vocab: Cartier: French explorer who failed to find the NW Passage but did claim new land in present day Canada for France Coureurs de bois: French fur trappers who learned many skills from the American Indians with whom they worked and lived. “Coureurs de bois, or fur trappers, roamed New France in search of beaver pelts. They learned their trapping skills from the American Indians.” (teachtci.com)

2.4 American Indian Business Partners Summary: In order to build their economy in the New World and send riches home to the mother country, French settles developed strong business relationships with Native tribes. Vocab Champlain: French explorer who founded Quebec, he built a trusting relationship with the Huron natives helping to expand Frances empire and pocketbook.

2.4 Claiming Louisiana Summary: Using the Mississippi River, French fur trappers traveled southwest hoping to find the NW Passage, instead they found the Gulf of Mexico. After returning North, French explorers eventually returned to sailing the MS River and claimed land in the Louisiana area. Vocab: Quebec: Major city for French fur trapping.