16.4 Naming Esters Esters such as ethyl butanoate provide the odor and flavor of many fruits, such as pineapples. Learning Goal Write the IUPAC and common names for esters; draw condensed and line-angle structural formulas.

Naming Esters The name of an ester consists of two words: 1. The first word indicates the alkyl part from the alcohol. 2. The second word is the carboxylate name of the carboxylic acid.

Naming Esters Esters have IUPAC and common names:

Guide to Naming Esters

Naming Esters What is the IUPAC name of the following ester? STEP 1 Write the name for the carbon chain from an alcohol as an alkyl group ethyl ANALYZE Given Need THE ester IUPAC and common name PROBLEM

Naming Esters What is the IUPAC name of the following ester? STEP 2 Change the ic acid of the acid name to ate. ethyl propanoate ethyl propionate

Study Check Give the IUPAC and common names for the following compound, responsible for the flavor and odor of pears:

Solution Give the IUPAC and common names for the following compound, responsible for the flavor and odor of pears: STEP 1 Write the name for the carbon chain from an alcohol as an alkyl group. propyl ANALYZE Given Need THE ester IUPAC and common name PROBLEM

Solution Give the IUPAC and common names for the following compound, responsible for the flavor and odor of pears: STEP 2 Change the ic acid of the acid name to ate. propyl ethanoate propyl acetate

Esters in Fruits Many of the fragrances of perfumes and flowers and the flavors of fruits are due to esters. Small esters are volatile, so we can smell them, and they are soluble in water, so we can taste them. The odor of grapes is due to ethyl heptanoate.

Esters in Fruits and Flavoring

Study Check Draw the condensed structural formulas for each of the following compounds: A. propyl pentanoate B. ethyl propionate

Solution Draw the condensed structural formulas for each of the following compounds: A. propyl pentanoate B. ethyl propionate