1. Esters and Esterification

3. Esters produced by combining carboxylic acid and alcohol (esterification) Large chain esters account for flavor and odor of fruits.

4. General formula: R–COOR' R - hydrocarbon chain from the acid R' - hydrocarbon chain from the alcohol.

5. alcohol carboxyl acid H C-C O O H O-C ester water

6. Esterification is a reversible reaction. De-esterification reaction esterification reaction H O H O-C C-C O + ester alcohol carboxyl acid H C-C O O H O-C

7. · First name alcohol: change "anol" to "yl" · Second name acid: change "ioc acid" to "oate" Naming Esters 2 – names: CH 3 COOCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 propyl ethanoate CH 3 -C O \ O-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 // alcohol acid

8. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CO + OCH 3 butanoic acid methanol CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 COOCH 3 + H 2 O methyl butanoate water OHH

10. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 butyl hexanoate

11. Write the esterification reaction for the reaction between pentanoic acid and 1-butanol.

12. Esters are polar molecules but have NO hydrogen bonding (unlike alcohols, carboxylic acids, water) Bp / mp are higher than aliphatics but lower than acids and alcohols. Esters are soluble in water.

13. Esterification carboxylic acid and an alcohol that produces an ester and water. General formula RCOOR' ( R acid, R' alcohol). Name is two words: the alkyl group from alcohol, then acid with replaced ending - oate. Polar but do not hydrogen bond. Lower melting points and boiling points than acids and alcohols. Soluble in water.

14. Hydroxide ions also catalyze the breakdown of esters. salt