Human-Computer Interaction Introduction to HCI (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

LEARNING OUTCOME Define HCI Why HCI is Important Describe the Model Human Processor (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Overview of HCI (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Definition of HCI Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them. (ACM SIGCHI, 1992, p.6) Other terms: user interface, man-machine interface, ergonomics, human factors (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Intro What is a user interface? Why do we care about design? We see this all the time. What’s good about the design of this error box? The user knows there is an error What’s poor about the design of this error box? Discouraging Not enough information No way to resolve the problem (instructions or contact info) (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

M1: Introduction to HCI H… C… I… Human - the end-user of a program - the others in the organization Computer - the machine the program runs on Interaction - the user tells the computer what they want - the computer communicates results (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Why is HCI Important? HCI has a role in the design and development of all kinds of computer systems. Harnessing the computer’s power is a task for designers who understand the technology and are sensitive to human capacities and needs (human factors). Applications developers who apply human-factors principles and processes are producing exciting and useful interactive systems. (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Introduction to HCI Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is about designing computer systems that support people so that they can carry out their activities productively and safely. (Preece, p.1) HCI studies human performance in the use of computer and information systems. This is a rapidly expanding research and development area. (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Why HCI is Important The study of our interface with information. It is not just ‘how big should I make buttons’ or ‘how to layout menu choices’ It can affect Effectiveness Productivity Morale Safety Example: a car with poor HCI (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

A Brief History of Computing From calculation to information processing From offline-processing to online interaction From house-size to palm-size From expert’s tools to end-user computing (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Component disciplines of HCI Computer science Cognitive Psychology Ergonomics and human factors Linguistics Artificial intelligence Philosophy, Sociology, Anthropology Design and Engineering “HCI is the neither the study of humans nor the study of technology, but rather the bridging between those two.” Preece, p42. (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Specific Human factors Design Goals Preece (p.14-15) describes “the goals of HCI are to produce usable and safe systems, as well as functional systems”. Goals include: o Safety (eg safety-critical systems) o Utility (functionality) o Effectiveness (intuitive) o Efficiency (task achievement) o Usability (easy to learn and use) (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

HCI/UI Design Cycle Design Evaluate Prototype (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Model Human Processor Formulated by Card, Moran and Newell (1983) (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

The three Subsystem Perceptual Subsystem Motor Subsystem Handling sensory stimulus from the outside world Motor Subsystem Controls action Cognitive Subsystem Provide the processing needed to connect sensory and action (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Input-output channels Input in human through the senses Output through motor control Three (3) primary senses: Vision Hearing Touch (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Vision Perceiving size and depth Perceiving brightness Perceiving color (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Hearing The auditory system convey information of the environment Processing sound Pitch Loudness Cocktail party effect (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Touch Virtual reality Feedback responses (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

Activity 1: Test memory 1 bun 6 sticks 2 shoe 7 heaven 3 tree 8 gate 4 door 9 wine 5 hive 10 hen (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved

End (c) 2001, Tralvex Yeap. All Rights Reserved